U. S. Highway 395

Eastern Mojave Vegetation	U. S. Highway 395
	Tom Schweich

Topics in this Article: Literature Cited	(No Preface)
	Canada above …. Washington below ….
	Laurier Beginning of US Highway 395.
	Kettle Falls
	Junction: U. S. Highway 2
	Spokane Junction: U. S. Interstate 90, East.
	Junction: U. S. Interstate 90, West.
	Pasco
	Bridge over Columbia River.
	Kennewick
	Junction: U. S. Interstate 82, North.
	Washington above … Columbia River Oregon below …
	Umatilla Junction: U. S. Interstate 82, South.
	Pendleton Junction: U. S. Interstate 84, East.
	Mt. Vernon
	John Day
Other Articles: U. S. Highway 20: 062000	Junction: US Highway 20, east to Idaho near Nyssa.
Other Articles: Oregon Highway 78: at US Hwy 395 Locations: Burns.	Burns
Other Articles: U. S. Highway 20: Riley	Junction: US Highway 20, west to Bend, then Albany, and ultimately Newport, Oregon.
Literature Cited: - Pavlik, Bruce Michael, 1985. - Schwarz, Bob, 2005. Locations: Alkali Lake. Alkali Lake Dunes. Horror Spring. Hutton Spring.	Alkali Lake Alkali Lake and Dunes, and Hutton Spring, to the west. Bruce Pavlik's (1985) review of sand dune flora of the western United States included the Alkali Lake Dunes as its northernmost locality. Hutton Spring, on the northwest margin of Alkali Lake, is the sole habitat of the Hutton tui chub, classified as a threatened subspecies by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. On the southwestern margin of Alkali Lake is a pretty messy chemical waste disposal site. About 25,000 drums of pesticide manufacturing waste were disposed of here in the late 1960s and 1970s. In 1976, the drums were crushed and buried in place in shallow trenches and fenced. Current analysis concludes that the site does not present a significant risk to the public or the environment.
	Lakeview
	New Pine Creek Oregon above … California below …
	New Pine Creek Winery
	Fandango Pass Road
Locations: Warner Mountains.	North Warner Mountains to the east.
	Junction: California Highway 299, east, to Cedarville.
	Alturas Junction: California Highway 299, west to Redding, and ultimately Eureka, California.
Locations: Warner Mountains.	South Warner Mountains to the east.
	Likely Home of the "Most Likely Café."
	Junction: Lassen County Road A3.
	Junction: California Highway 36, west to Red Bluff, and ultimately Scotia on US Highway 101. Susanville is 3 miles west on California Highway 36.
	Junction: Lassen County Road A3.
	Honey Lake
Other Articles: California Highway 70: at US Hwy 395	Hallelujah Junction Junction: California Highway 70, west over Beckwourth Pass into Sierra Valley, the headwaters of the Feather River, and the northern terminus of California Highway 49.
	California above… Nevada below …
Other Articles: Interstate 80: at US Hwy 395	Reno Junction: U. S. Interstate 80, west to San Francisco, or east across Nevada.
Other Articles: Nevada Highway 431: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Nevada Highway 431, the Mount Rose Highway.
Other Articles: U. S. Highway 50: at US hwy 395 N	Junction: U. S. Highway 50, east across central Nevada.
	Carson City
Other Articles: U. S. Highway 50: at US hwy 395 N	Junction: U. S. Highway 50, west to Lake Tahoe and Sacramento.
Other Articles: Nevada Highway 88: 90000	Junction: Nevada Highway 88, south to the Nevada-California border and California Highway 88, the Carson Pass highway.
Locations: Minden.	Minden
Literature Cited: - Unruh, Jeffrey, James Humphrey and Andrew Barron, 2003. Locations: Double Springs Flat.	Double Springs Flat
	Holbrook Junction From Holbrook Junction south to Sonora Junction, U. S. Highway 395 follows the course of the West Walker River.
Other Articles: Nevada Highway 208: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Nevada Highway 208, east and then north to Yerington.
Locations: Topaz Lake.	Topaz Lake Topaz Lake is an artificial lake in the northwest corner of fault-bounded Antelope Valley.
	Nevada above … California below …
Beginning of CA Highway 89 at US Hwy 395. Other Articles: California Highway 89: at US Hwy 395	Junction: California Highway 89, over Monitor Pass, north on the west side of Lake Tahoe to Truckee, Lassen National Park, and ultimately to Mount Shasta.
Literature Cited: - Noble, Donald C., David B. Slemmons, Marjorie KK. Korringa, William R. Dickinson, Yehya Al-Rawi, and Edwin H. McKee, 1974. Locations: Tollhouse Flat.	At Tollhouse Flat, on the east side of the West Walker River, is a reference section for the Tollhouse Flat Member of the Eureka Valley Tuff, as designated by Noble, et al. (1974).
Sweetwater Mountains from Leavitt Falls. Locations: Sweetwater Mountains.	Sweetwater Mountains
Locations: West Walker River.	From Sonora Junction northward to Topaz Lake, U. S. Highway 395 follows the course of the West Walker River.
Other Articles: CA Highway 108: at US Hwy 395	Sonora Junction: Junction: California Highway 108, west over Sonora Pass, to Sonora, Oakdale, and Modesto.
Locations: Fales Hot Springs.	Fales Hot Springs, south of highway.
Panorama of Bridgeport Valley Bridgeport Valley, just west of Bridgeport Other Articles: Field Notes: 4-Jun-06 near Bridgeport 4-Jun-06 near Bridgeport Locations: By-Day Creek.	At the northwest edge of Bridgeport Valley, there is the Bridgeport Ranger Station on the north side of the highway, and a little road to a small hill labelled "heliport" that has a nice view of Bridgeport Valley. Here I also found the Bridgeport Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS). Current data can be obtained from: http://raws.wrh.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/roman/meso_base.cgi?stn=BPOC1. This little road could be followed about 3/4 mile southwest to the mouth of By-Day Creek.
Literature Cited: - Dohrenwend, J. C., 1982. Locations: Bridgeport Valley.	Bridgeport Valley
Other Articles: California Highway 182: at US Hwy 395 Locations: Bridgeport. East Walker River.	Bridgeport Junction: California Highway 182, north past Bridgeport Reservoir and down the East Walker River Canyon to the California - Nevada border. U. S. Highway 395 crosses the East Walker River at Bridgeport.
Locations: Willow Springs.	Willow Springs
Other Articles: California Highway 270: at US Hwy 395	Junction: California Highway 270 "Bodie Road". Bodie is about 13 miles to the east.
View north on US Hwy 395 from Dog Town Other Articles: Field Notes: 20070626689
Scenic Highway plaque at Dog Town Other Articles: Field Notes: 20070626690	Edge of a Dream: Eastern Sierra Scenic Byway plaque.
Dog Town Plaque Dog Town Other Articles: Field Notes: 20070626690 at Dog Town Locations: Dog Town.	Dog Town
Scenic Highway plaque at Dog Town Other Articles: Field Notes: near Dog Town	Boom and Bust: Eastern Sierra Scenic Byway plaque.
Other Articles: Virginia Lakes Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Virginia Lakes Road Virginia Lakes is 6 miles to the southwest.
	East Walker River drainage and Bridgeport Valley to the north.
Other Articles: Mono Basin Flora: at Conway Summit Locations: Conway Summit. Mono Basin.	Walker River basin above, to the north… Conway Summit, elevation: 8143 ft., 2482 m. Mono Basin below, to the south …
Locations: Mono Basin.	Mono Basin to the south.
Panorama of Mono Lake near Conway Summit Other Articles: Field Notes: 4-Jun_06 near Conway Summit	Mono Lake Vista
West shoreline of Mono Lake. Other Articles: Field Notes: 4-Jun-06 near Conway Summit
Locations: Mono Diggings.	Road to Mono Diggings.
Other Articles: Conway Ranch Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Conway Ranch Road
Literature Cited: - Dohrenwend, J. C., 1982. Locations: Copper Mountain.	Copper Mountain and its ridge form the north wall of Lundy Canyon.
Locations: Wilson Creek.	Crossing Wilson Creek.
Other Articles: Mill Creek Powerhouse Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Mill Creek Powerhouse Road
Other Articles: California Highway 167: at US Hwy 395 north of Lee Vining Lundy Lake Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Junction: California Highway 167, east in the direction of Bodie, and the Nevada border. Lundy Lake Road, west up Lundy Canyon, past Lundy Lake to a trailhead.
Locations: Mill Creek.	Crossing Mill Creek.
Literature Cited: - California Department of Conservation, 2002. Locations: Thompson Ranch.	Thompson Ranch to the west of the highway.
	Junction: Thompson Road
Locations: Dechambeau Creek.	Crossing Dechambeau Creek.
Other Articles: Cemetery Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Cemetery Road
Locations: Mono Inn.	Mono Inn
Grave of Adeline Carson Stilts Other Articles: Field Notes: 24-Jun-07 on US Hwy 395
Tioga Lodge, site of former Mono Lake Post Office Other Articles: Field Notes: 20070625040 Locations: Hammond Station. Mono Lake Post Office. Tioga Lodge.	Tioga Lodge The present day Tioga Lodge was the location of Hammond Station, or "Hammonds," as well as the Mono Lake Post Office. Many plant collections use this location as a point of reference.
Other Articles: Picnic Grounds Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Picnic Grounds Road
Memorial Plaque for Sheriff James P. Dolan Other Articles: Field Notes: 24-Jun-07 at Picnic Grounds Beach	Near the Picnic Grounds is the memorial plaque for Sheriff James P. Dolan.
Looking north on US Highway 395
El Mono Hotel and Latte Da Coffee Café
Literature Cited: - Gudde, Erwin G., 1969 (3rd Ed.). Mono Lake Committee building. Other Articles: Field Notes: 6 Oct 06 at Lee Vining Locations: Lee Vining.	Lee Vining The town is named for Lee (Leroy) Vining of Laporte, Indiana, who came to California in 1852 in search of gold. Vining settled on the creek named for him and operated a sawmill (Gudde, 1969, p. 175).
Downtown Lee Vining. Other Articles: Field Notes: 5-Jun-06 in Lee Vining
Mono Market in Lee Vining
Locations: Lee Vining Creek.	Crossing Lee Vining Creek.
Other Articles: California Highway 120: near Lee Vining	Junction: California Highway 120, west through Yosemite National Park.
Other Articles: Test Station Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Test Station Road, east to the south shore of Mono Lake, to South Tufa.
	Junction: Horse Meadows Road, generally west between the south moraine of Lee Vining Canyon, and Williams Butte.
Locations: Williams Butte.	Williams Butte to the west
Other Articles: Oil Plant Road: at US Hwy 395 Rush Creek Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Oil Plant Road, to Farrington's. Road toward Rush Creek.
Williams Butte from US Hwy 395 Other Articles: Field Notes: 20070625070 Locations: Williams Butte.	Williams Butte to the northwest.
View southwest from US Highway 395 Other Articles: Field Notes: 20060923020	View to the southwest of Parker Canyon and June Lakes Canyon.
Other Articles: California Highway 158: at US Hwy 395	North June Lake Junction Junction: California Highway 158
Locations: Rush Creek.	Crossing Rush Creek.
Other Articles: California Highway 120: at US Hwy 395	Junction: California Highway 120, east to Benton at US Highway 6.
Grave of the Unknown Prospector Other Articles: Field Notes: 2-Aug-08 in Pumice Valley	Grave of the Unknown Prospector, dedicated in 2003. It seems to me, though, that before Caltrans rebuilt this intersection, the memorial at this site was the "Grave of the Unknown Fisherman."
Aeolian Buttes Other Articles: Field Notes: 23 Sep 06 at Vista Point Locations: Aeolian Buttes.	Vista Point. Aeolian Buttes to the east, between the highway and Mono Craters.
Other Articles: California Highway 158: at US Hwy 395	South June Lake Junction Junction: California Highway 158, west to June Lake.
View north in US Highway 395 from Pumice Mine Road. Other Articles: Field Notes: 13-Aug-08
Other Articles: Forest Road 1S40: at US Hwy 395	Junction: "Pumice Mine Road," Forest Road 1S40
Literature Cited: - Bursik, M., C. Renshaw, J. McCalpin, and M. Berry, 2002. Locations: Wilson Butte.	Wilson Butte on west side of highway.
Wilson Butte from Glass Flow Road on the south side. Other Articles: Field Notes: 14-Aug-08	Wilson Butte as seen from the south side near US Highway 395.
Other Articles: Forest Road 1S05: 90000	Junction: "Bald Mountain Road," Inyo Forest Road 1S05
Looking north into the Mono Basin from Deadman Summit. Other Articles: Field Notes: 14-Aug-08 Locations: Mono Basin.	Mono Basin to the north.
Deadman Summit in the southbound direction. Other Articles: Field Notes: 14-Aug-08 Mono Basin Flora: definition of Mono Basin Locations: Deadman Summit.	Mono Basin above, to the north … Deadman Summit. Elevation: 8041 ft. Owens River basin below, to the south.
Locations: Deadman Creek.	Crossing Deadman Creek
Obsidian flow to west of US Highway 395 Other Articles: Field Notes: 14-Aug-08	Obsidian flow to west of highway.
Bald Mountain from US Highway 395 Other Articles: Field Notes: 14-Aug-08	Bald Mountain and Lookout to the east of the highway.
US Highway 395 just south of Crestview and Deadman Summit Other Articles: Field Notes: 14-Aug-08	View north to Crestview and the final climb to Deadman Summit.
Other Articles: Forest Road 2S07: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Owens River Road, Forest Road 2S07
	Junction: Mammoth Lakes Scenic Loop Road, also known as the Mammoth Lakes Volcanic Escape Route.
Locations: Smokey Bear Flat.	Smokey Bear Flat
Other Articles: Old Highway 395: at US Hwy 395 N	Junction: Old Highway 395, North
Literature Cited: - Bureau of Land Management, 2005. Locations: Basalt Canyon.	Cross creek that drains Basalt Canyon to the west. Site of exploration for geothermal fluids to bring to Casa Diablo Hot Springs.
Locations: Casa Diablo Hot Springs.	Casa Diablo Hot Springs and power plant to the east.
Literature Cited: - Howald, Ann M., 1989. Other Articles: California Highway 203: 10000	Junction: California Highway 203, west to Mammoth Lakes and the Devils Postpile National Monument.
Other Articles: Old Highway 395: at US Hwy 395 S	Junction: Old Highway 395, South
Literature Cited: - Greene, David C., Calvin H. Stevens, and James M. Wise, 1997. - Lackey, Jade Star, and John W. Valley, 2004. Other Articles: Glossary: wollastonite Locations: Laurel Mountain.	Laurel Mountain. Laurel Mountain is one of the best-exposed paleohydrothermal systems yet studied. Lackey and Valley (2004) evaluated fluid flow during contact metamorphism that caused wollastonite growth in calcareous metasandstones at Laurel Mountain in the Mount Morrison pendant at the eastern margin of the Sierra Nevada batholith, California.
Other Articles: Hot Creek Hatchery Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Hot Creek Hatchery Road or Owens River Road This is the road that goes northeast along Hot Creek. Some maps show this as Owens River Road, others as Hot Creek Hatchery Road.
Locations: Long Valley Caldera.	Long Valley Caldera The U. S. G. S. operates a general information web site: Long Valley Caldera Location and Background Page
Locations: Convict Lake.	Junction: Convict Lake River Road
Other Articles: Benton Crossing Road: at US Hwy 395	Junction: Benton Crossing Road
	Cross Convict Creek
Literature Cited: - Orr, Bruce K., and Ann M. Howald, 2000.	Junction: Mount Morrison Road, access to Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory (SNARL). A flora of SNARL has been published by UC Santa Barbara Museum of Systematics and Ecology (Orr and Howald, 2000).
Locations: McGee Mountain.	McGee Mountain
Lake Crowley and the White Mountains Locations: Lake Crowley.	Lake Crowley
Literature Cited: - Birkeland, P. W., R. M. Burke, and A. L. Walker, 1980.	Big Pumice Cut
	Tom's Place
Literature Cited: - Bureau of Land Management, 2007. Locations: Volcanic Tableland.	Volcanic Tableland to the north.
	Junction: Pleasant Valley Dam Road and Saw Mill Road
Locations: Red Hill.	Junction: Ed Powers Road, Red Hill is about one mile south.
Other Articles: U. S. Highway 6: in Bishop Locations: Bishop.	Junction: U. S. Highway 6, north east to Tonopah and Ely, Nevada.
An older house in Bishop Other Articles: Field Notes: 17-Jul-05 at Bishop	Older house on the main street of Bishop.
Jack's Restaurant, breakfast was pretty good. Other Articles: Field Notes: 17-Jul-05 at Bishop	Jack's Restaurant. I had breakfast here once. It was pretty good.
Locations: Bishop.	Bishop
Mt. Tom, 12 miles west of Bishop, Inyuo County, California Other Articles: Glossary: roof_pendant Locations: Mount Tom.	Mount Tom is 12 miles west of Bishop. The dark rocks on the top of Mt Tom are Paleozoic metamorphic rocks that have been intruded by Mesozoic granite batholith.
Literature Cited: - Manning, Sara J., 1989.	At about this point, 8 miles north of Big Pine, Sara J. Manning investigated the relative effects os some biotic and abiotic factors on growth and productivity of two Owens Valley Shrubs: Happlopappus cooperi and Chrysothamus teretifolius (Manning, 1989).
	Keough Hot Springs
Locations: Klondike Lake.	Klondike Lake is located in an alkali sink north of Big Pine. Before 1986, the alkali sink was intermittently filled with water from the Owens River via the Big Pine Canal and the Lyman Ditch. Under the Klondike Lake Enhancement/Mitigation Project in 1986, the lake level has been maintained via water releases from the Big Pine Canal. The Mono Lake Committee lists Klondike Lake as one of the best water bird areas in the Eastern Sierra. The lake is heavily used for recreation on summer weekends, including swimming, water-skiing, sailing and windsurfing. The lake can be seen from US Highway 395, about two miles north of California Highway 168 in Big Pine. A cattle guard and information board mark the turnoff. Turn east onto an unmarked dirt road. There is a left turn lane from US Highway 395 if coming from the north.
Other Articles: California Highway 168: at Big Pine	Big Pine Junction: California Highway 168, east over Westgard Pass and through Deep Springs Valley into Fish Lake Valley.
Other Articles: Fish Springs Road: at Fish Sprs Rd	Junction: Fish Springs Road, north end.
	To the west is the Fish Springs Fish Hatchery.
	To the west, across the alfalfa field, is the populated place of Fish Springs.
Other Articles: Fish Springs Road: at Fish Sprs Rd	Junction: Fish Springs Road, south end.
Literature Cited: - Stevens, Calvin H., and Tina Pelley, 2006. Locations: Tinemaha Reservoir.	Tinemaha Reservoir to east side of the highway.
	DeLorme's Northern California Atlas and Gazetteer above 37° North. DeLorme's Southern California Atlas and Gazetteer below.
Southern Pacific #18 in Independence. Other Articles: Field Notes: 20050716300 Locations: Independence.
Literature Cited: - Austin, Mary Hunter., 1903. Mary Austin house in Independence on U. S. Highway 395. Other Articles: Onion Valley Road: at US Hwy 395 Locations: Independence.	Independence Junction: East Market Street, West Market Street, which becomes Onion Valley Road at the edge of town. The Mary Austin house is at 235 W. Market Street in Independence. Mary Austin wrote many books about the desert, the most well-known is The Land of Little Rain.
Literature Cited: - Houston, Jeanne Wakatsuki, and James D. Houston, 1973. Manzanar. Locations: Manzanar.	Manzanar Manzanar was an one of ten internment camps where 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry were sent to live during World War II. Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston's 1973 book, Farewell to Manzanar, is a very readable account of one young woman's experience there.
Literature Cited: - Bacon, Steven N., and Silvio K. Pezzopane, 2007. Locations: Alabama Gates Paleoseismic Site.	Alabama Gates Paleoseismic Site. Bacon and Pezzopane (2007) excavated three fault trenches and one 2-m deep pit within about 10-20 m of each other along the north-striking fault trace near Alabama Gates.
Literature Cited: - Dunne, George C., and J. Douglas Walker, 1993. Locations: Alabama Hills.	The northeastern portion of the Alabama Hills is composed of Jurassic arc-marginal volcanogenic sedimentary units that correlate with similar units in the southern Inyo Mountains (Dunne and Walker, 1993).
Literature Cited: - Bacon, Steven N., and Silvio K. Pezzopane, 2007. Locations: Quaker Paleoseismic Site.	Quaker Paleoseismic Site. Bacon and Pezzopane (2007) excavated four fault trenches within 20-50 m of one another along a 100-m length of the Owens Valley fault. Three stratigraphic pits, each 3-4 m in depth, were excavated on nearby geomorphic surfaces in order to map the unfaulted stratigraphy.
Literature Cited: - Lee, Jeffrey, Joel Spencer, and Lewis Owen, 2001.	Junction: Panborne Lane
Mount Whitney. Locations: Lone Pine.	Lone Pine I left Lone Pine early one May morning, bound for the Nelson Range and Hunter Mountain. The sun had just come up over the Inyo Mountains and was shining stongly. I pulled over just to take this picture.
Other Articles: California Highway 136: at US Hwy 395	Junction: California Highway 136, to California Highway 190 and Death Valley.
Locations: Carroll Creek.	Carroll Creek. Annie M. Alexander and Louise Kellogg collected Salvia dorrii on the mesa above Carroll Creek Canyon.
Locations: Bartlett.	Bartlett
Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company at Bartlett, on Owens Lake. Other Articles: Field Notes: 15-Jul-05	The margin of Owens Lake is lined with industrial plants in various states of decay.
Looking across Owens Lake to Cerro Gordo. Other Articles: Field Notes: 15-Jul-05 Locations: Cerro Gordo. Owens Lake.	For 16 miles (26 km), US Highway 395 passes along the western shore of Owens (Dry) Lake.
Literature Cited: - Campbell, Kate, 2007.	The Los Angeles Aqueduct Cottonwood Treatment Plant is west of the highway. At this location ferric chloride is injected into the water to coagulate Arsenic in the water. The dissolved Arsenic precipitates with the iron and is deposited in the inlet channel to Haiwee reservoir. The primary source of the Arsenic is thought to be the hot springs in Hot Creek, near Mammoth Lakes.
Locations: Cottonwood Creek.	Crossing Cottonwood Creek
Other Articles: CA Hwy 190: at Olancha Locations: Olancha.	Olancha Junction: California Highway 190, east to Death Valley.
Locations: Coso Range.	Coso Range to the east.
Literature Cited: - Campbell, Kate, 2007. - City of Los Angeles, 1908. - City of Los Angeles, 1916. Locations: North Haiwee Reservoir.	North Haiwee Reservoir
Locations: Owens Valley.	Owens Valley to the north … Rose Valley to the south …
Literature Cited: - City of Los Angeles, 1908. - City of Los Angeles, 1916. Locations: South Haiwee Reservoir.	South Haiwee Reservoir
	Dunmovin
	Coso Junction
Locations: Rose Valley.	Rose Valley
Locations: Red Hill.	Red Hill
Locations: Little Lake.	Little Lake (lake)
	Little Lake (populated place)
Looking North Along U. S. Highway 395 Near Nine Mile Canyon.	Extreme northern end of Indian Wells Valley.
	Junction: Nine Mile Canyon Road
	Inyo County above … Kern County below …
Other Articles: California Highway 14: at US Hwy 395	Junction: California Highway 14, south to Los Angeles.
Other Articles: CA Hwy 178: 52000 Locations: Inyokern.	Inyokern Junction: California Highway 178, east to Death Valley, or west over Walker Pass to Bakersfield.
Other Articles: Searles Station Road: 16000	Junction: Searles Station Road
Other Articles: Garlock Road: 20000	Junction: Garlock Road, to Garlock and Red Rock Canyon via Redrock Randsburg Road and CA Hwy 14.
Other Articles: Redrock Randsburg Road: 25000	Junction: Redrock Randsburg Road, to Garlock and Red Rock Canyon via California Highway 14.
Locations: Johannesburg.	Johannesburg
	Kern County above … San Bernardino County below …
Other Articles: Trona Road: 36000	Junction: Trona Road
Locations: Red Mountain.	Red Mountain Red Mountain is the name of the mountain directly east of the highway. It is also the name of the small town located on US Hwy 395 about 23 miles north of Kramer Junction and 23 miles south of Ridgecrest. One of three active ghost towns in this immediate area: Randsburg, Johanesburg, and Red Mountain. Population 130 people.
	Junction: Red Mountain Road
Literature Cited: - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2008.	The Kelly Mine and tailings pile is west of the highway. It has been investigated as a source of arsenic soil contamination in the yards of Red Mountain residences.
Other Articles: California Highway 58: in Kramer Jct Locations: Kramer Junction.	Kramer Junction Junction: California Highway 58, west to Bakersfield and ultimately US Highway 101 near Santa Margarita, or east to Barstow.
Literature Cited: - Linn, Jonathan K., J. Douglas Walker, and John M. Bartley, 2002. Locations: Kramer Hills.	Kramer Hills
Other Articles: California Highway 18: at US Hwy 395	Junction: California Highway 18
Other Articles: Interstate 15: at US Hwy 395	Junction: U. S. Interstate 15, south through San Bernardino to San Diego.
	Literature Cited A list of all literature cited by this web site can be found in the Bibliography.
	Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2008. Evaluation of Soil Arsenic Concentrations at the Rand Historical Mining Complex, Kelly Mine Site, Red Mountain, San Bernardino County, California. Atlanta, Georgia: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, September 29, 2008. Location records referred to by this literature: Red Mountain, San Bernardino County, California.
	Austin, Mary Hunter. 1903. The Land of Little Rain. Republished 1997.. The entire text of this book is also available at: UC Berkeley. Location records referred to by this literature: Independence, Inyo County, California.
	Bacon, Steven N., and Silvio K. Pezzopane. 2007. A 25,000-year record of earthquakes on the Owens Valley fault near Lone Pine, California: Implications for recurrence intervals, slip rates, and segementation models. GSA Bulletin. 119(7/8):823-847. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: Alabama Gates Paleoseismic Site, Inyo County, California. Quaker Paleoseismic Site, Inyo County, California.
	Birkeland, P. W., R. M. Burke, and A. L. Walker. 1980. Soils and subsurface rock-weathering features of Sherwin and pre-Sherwin glacial deposits, eastern Sierra Nevada, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 91: 238-244. {TAS}
	Bureau of Land Management. 2005. Basalt Canyon Geothermal Pipeline Project Environmental Assessment and Draft Environmental Impact Report. BLM EA Number: CA-017-05-51, California Clearinghouse Number 2003092101. Bishop, California: Bureau of Land Management, June 2005. ... Location records referred to by this literature: Basalt Canyon, Mono County, California.
	Bureau of Land Management. 2007. Desert Vegetation on the Tableland. Bishop, California: Bureau of Land Management, Updated 4-27-2007. {TAS-PDF} http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/fo/bishop/bouldering/vegetation_b.html Location records referred to by this literature: Volcanic Tableland, Inyo County, California.
	Bursik, M., C. Renshaw, J. McCalpin, and M. Berry. 2002. A Volcanotectonic Cascade: Activation of Range Front Faulting and Eruptions by Dike Intrusion, Mono Basin-Long Valley Caldera, CA, USA. Journal of Geophysical Research. 108(B8):1-8. {TAS} Location records referred to by this literature: Inyo Craters, Mono County, California. Mono Basin, Mono County, California. Wilson Butte, Mono County, California.
	California Department of Conservation. 2002. Mono County Ranch Management Tour. RCD Outlook. Resource Conservation District (RCD) Assistance Program. 2(2):2-3. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: Conway Ranch, Mono County, California. Thompson Ranch, Mono County, California. Rosaschi Ranch, Lyon County, Nevada.
	Campbell, Kate. 2007. Biochemical mechanisms of Arsenic mobilization in Haiiwee Reservoir sediments. Ph. D. dissertation. Pasadena, California: California Institute of Technology, 2007. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: North Haiwee Reservoir, Inyo County, California.
	Dohrenwend, J. C. 1982. Map Showing Late Cenozoic Faults in the Walker Lake 1° By 2° Quadrangle, Nevada - California. Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1382-D. Washington, DC: United States Geological Survey, 1982. {TAS-map} Location records referred to by this literature: Antelope Valley, Mono County, California. Bridgeport Valley, Mono County, California. Copper Mountain, Mono County, California. Trench Canyon, Mono County, California. Huntoon Valley, Mineral County, Nevada. Soda Spring Valley, Mineral County, Nevada. Wassuk Range, Mineral County, Nevada.
	Dunne, George C., and J. Douglas Walker. 1993. Age of Jurassic volcanism and tectonism, southern Owens Valley region, east-central California. Geological Society of America Bulletin. 105(9):1223-1230. Location records referred to by this literature: Alabama Hills, Inyo County, California.
	Greene, David C., Calvin H. Stevens, and James M. Wise. 1997. The Laurel-Convict fault, eastern Sierra Nevada, California: A Permo-Triassic left-lateral fault, not a Cretaceous intrabatholithic break. GSA Bulletin. 109(4):483-488. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: Laurel Mountain, Mono County, California.
	Gudde, Erwin G. 1969 (3rd Ed.). California Place Names. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1969. {TAS} Location records referred to by this literature: Lee Vining, Mono County, California. Montgomery Peak, Mono County, California. White Mountain Peak, Mono County, California. White Mountains, Mono County, California. Bitterwater Lake, San Benito County, California. Barnwell, San Bernardino County, California. Manvel, San Bernardino County, California. Gilroy, Santa Clara County, California.
	Houston, Jeanne Wakatsuki, and James D. Houston. 1973. Farewell to Manzanar. New York: Bantam Books. Location records referred to by this literature: Manzanar, Inyo County, California.
	Howald, Ann M. 1989. Vegetation and Flora of the Mannoth Mountain Area. pp. 48-96 in Hall, Clarence A., Jr., Victoria Doyle-Jones, and Barbara Widawski. White Mountain Research Station Symposium. Natural History of Eastern California and High-altitude Research. Volume 3. Bishop, California: University of California, September 1989. ... Location records referred to by this literature: Mammoth Pass, Madera County, California. Mammoth Lakes, Mono County, California. Minaret Summit, Mono County, California.
	Lackey, Jade Star, and John W. Valley. 2004. Complex patterns of fluid flow during wollastonite formation in calcareous sandstone at Laurel Mountain, Mount Morrison Pendant, California. GSA Bulletin. 116(1/2):6.93. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: Laurel Mountain, Mono County, California.
	Lee, Jeffrey, Joel Spencer, and Lewis Owen. 2001. Holocene slip rates along the Owens Valley fault, California: Implications for the recent evolution of the Eastern California Shear Zone. Geology. 29(9):819-822. {TAS-pdf} Panborne Lane, Lone Pine, California.
	Linn, Jonathan K., J. Douglas Walker, and John M. Bartley. 2002. Late Cenozoic crustal contraction in the Kramer Hills, west-central Mojave Desert, California. pp. 161-172 in Glazner, Allen F., Douglas Walker, and John M. Bartley, 2002. Geologic evolution of the Mojave Desert and southwestern Basin and Range. Memoir 195. Boulder, CA: Geological Society of America, 2002. ... Location records referred to by this literature: Kramer Hills, San Bernardino County, California.
	City of Los Angeles. 1908. Third Annual Report of the Bureau of the Los Angeles Aqueduct to the Board of Public Works. Los Angeles, California: Department of Public Service, City of Los Angeles, 1908. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: North Haiwee Reservoir, Inyo County, California. South Haiwee Reservoir, Inyo County, California.
	City of Los Angeles. 1916. Complete Report on Construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct. Los Angeles, California: Department of Public Service, City of Los Angeles, 1916. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: North Haiwee Reservoir, Inyo County, California. South Haiwee Reservoir, Inyo County, California.
	Manning, Sara J. 1989. The Relative Effects of Some Biotic and Abiotic Factrors on Growth and Productivity of Two Owens Valley Shrubs: Happlopappus cooperi and Chrysothamnus teretifolius. pp. 21-34 in Hall, Clarence A., Jr., Victoria Doyle-Jones, and Barbara Widawski. White Mountain Research Station Symposium. Natural History of Eastern California and High-altitude Research. Volume 3. Bishop, California: University of California, September 1989. ...
	Noble, Donald C., David B. Slemmons, Marjorie KK. Korringa, William R. Dickinson, Yehya Al-Rawi, and Edwin H. McKee. 1974. Eureka Valley Tuff, East-Central California and Adjacent Nevada. Geology. 2(3):139-142. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: By-Day Creek, Mono County, California. Little Walker Caldera, Mono County, California. Tollhouse Flat, Mono County, California.
	Orr, Bruce K., and Ann M. Howald. 2000. Part II. Sierra Nevada Aquatic Research Laboratory. A Flora of Valentine Eastern Sierra Reserve. MSE Environmental Report Number 16. Santa Barbara, California: University of California, Santa Barbara, 2000. {TAS-pdf}
	Pavlik, Bruce Michael. 1985. Sand dune flora of the Great Basin and Mojave deserts of California, Nevada, and Oregon. Madroño. 32(4):197-213. {TAS} Location records referred to by this literature: Ballarat Dunes, Inyo County, California. Death Valley Dunes, Inyo County, California. Deep Springs Dunes, Inyo County, California. Eureka Sand Dunes, Inyo County, California. Olancha Dunes, Inyo County, California. Panamint Valley Dunes, Inyo County, California. Saline Valley Dunes, Inyo County, California. Mono Basin, Mono County, California. Mono Dunes, Mono County, California. Dumont Dunes, San Bernardino County, California. Kelso Dunes, San Bernardino County, California. Saratoga Dunes, Inyo County, California. Sand Mountain, Churchill County, Nevada. Clayton Valley Dunes, Esmeralda County, Nevada. Fish Lake Dunes, Esmeralda County, Nevada. Silver State Dunes, Humboldt County, Nevada. Teel's Marsh Dunes, Mineral County, Nevada. Ash Meadows Dunes, Nye County, Nevada. Big Dune, Nye County, Nevada. Crescent Dunes, Nye County, Nevada. Alkali Lake Dunes, Lake County, Oregon.
	Schwarz, Bob. 2005. Alkali Lake Chemical Waste Disposal Site. Fact Sheet -- July 2005. The Dalles, OR: State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality, July 27, 2005. {TAS} http://www.deq.state.or.us/wmc/cu/sites/AlkaliLake.htm Location records referred to by this literature: Alkali Lake, Lake County, Oregon.
	Stevens, Calvin H., and Tina Pelley. 2006. Development and dismemberment of a Middle Devonian continental-margin submarine fan system in east-central California. GSA Bulletin. 118(1/2):159-170. {TAS} Location records referred to by this literature: Mazourka Canyon, Inyo County, California. Quartz Spring, Inyo County, California. Tinemaha Reservoir, Inyo County, California. Vaughn Gulch, Inyo County, California. Convict Lake, Mono County, California. Gull Lake Pendant, Mono County, California. Log Cabin Mine Pendant, Mono County, California. McGee Mountain, Mono County, California. Mount Morrison Pendant, Mono County, California.
	Unruh, Jeffrey, James Humphrey and Andrew Barron. 2003. Transtensional model for the Sierra Nevada frontal fault system, eastern California. Geology. 31(4):327-330. {TAS-pdf} Location records referred to by this literature: Coso Range, Inyo County, California. Death Valley, Inyo County, California. Deep Springs Valley, Inyo County, California. Hilton Creek, Inyo County, California. Panamint Range, Inyo County, California. Round Valley, Inyo County, California. Saline Valley, Inyo County, California. Ridgecrest, Kern County, California. Adobe Valley, Mono County, California. Bridgeport Valley, Mono County, California. Chalfant Valley, Mono County, California. Long Valley Caldera, Mono County, California. Mono Basin, Mono County, California. Truckee, Nevada County, California. Lake Almanor, Plumas County, California. Mohawk Valley, Plumas County, California. Double Springs Flat, Douglas County, Nevada. Excelsior Mountains, Mineral County, Nevada. Carson Range, Washoe County, Nevada.
If you have a question or a comment you may write to me at: tas4@schweich.com I sometimes post interesting questions in my FAQ, but I never disclose your full name or address.	[Home Page] Date and time this article was prepared: 1/2/2009 1:22:30 PM

Laurier

Kettle Falls

Spokane

Pasco

Kennewick

Umatilla

Pendleton

Mt. Vernon

John Day

Burns

Alkali Lake

Lakeview

New Pine Creek

Alturas

Likely

Honey Lake

Hallelujah Junction

Reno

Carson City

Minden

Holbrook Junction

Topaz Lake

Sweetwater Mountains

Sonora Junction:

Bridgeport Valley

Bridgeport

Dog Town

Mono Inn

Tioga Lodge

Lee Vining

North June Lake Junction

South June Lake Junction

Laurel Mountain.

Long Valley Caldera

Lake Crowley

Tom's Place

Bishop

Big Pine

Independence

Manzanar

Lone Pine

Bartlett

Olancha

Rose Valley

Red Hill

Inyokern

Johannesburg

Red Mountain

Kramer Junction

Literature Cited