Front Range, Eastern Slope, Rocky Mountains Checklist Flora of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Golden and Vicinity, Jefferson County, Colorado (Continued)  

Tom Schweich  
Home Page
Topics in this Article:
Introduction
Geography
History of Botanic Exploration and Publication
Useful Publications
Methods
Results
Discussion - Native Plants
Discussion - Non-Native Plants
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Literature Cited 		 Golden, Colorado sits in a valley formed by erosion along the Golden fault, the geotectonic boundary between the North American Cordillera and the Great Plains. Somewhat like Mono Lake, for which I have also prepared a checklist flora, it sits at a boundary, or perhaps ecotone. Things are always more interesting at the boundaries. I started this project when I realized no such list had been prepared for my newly adopted city. I hope you find this checklist flora helpful. Please write to me if you have questions or comments.

 

 

   

Literature Cited

  A list of all literature cited by this web site can be found in the Bibliography.
  Abert, James W. 1846. Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. Specimen collected August 2, 1846, near Bent’s Fort, Arkansas River, Colorado.. New York Botanical Garden, Steere Herbarium (NY 18171). Link to external document.
  Ackerfield, Jennifer. 2015. Flora of Colorado. Fort Worth, TX 76107-3400: Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 2015.
  Ackerfield, Jennifer. 2022. Flora of Colorado, Second Edition. Botanical Miscellany No. 60. Fort Worth, Texas: BRIT Press, Fort Worth Botanical Garden, 2022.
  Adams, Robert P., et al. 2013. Taxonomy of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) infraspecific taxa: vars. menziesii, glauca and oaxacana: nrDNA, cpDNA sequences and leaf essential oils. Phytologia. 95(1):94-102. Link to external document.
  Aiton, William. 1789. Hortus Kewensis; or, a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. London: 1789.
  Aiton, William T. 2nd. ed., 1810-13. Hortus kewensis, or, A catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. 5 vols.. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1810-1813. Link to external document.
  Allred, Kelly W. 2020. I: Annotated Checklist. Flora Neomexicana. 3rd edition. Link to external document.
  Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A., and Steve L. O'Kane. 2002. Lesquerella is united with Physaria (Brassicaceae). Novon. 12: 319-329. {TAS-pdf}
  Anderson, Donna S., and Paul B. Haseman. 2021. Golden Rocks: The Geology and Mining History of Golden, Colorado. Golden, Colorado, USA. Link to external document. https://doi.org/10.25676/11124/14162
  Andersson, Nils Johan. 1858. Enumeratio Salicum nobis ex America boreali huc usque cognotarum “The Willow Flora known to us from north America”. Öfversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar “Overview of the Proceedings by the Royal Academy of Sciences”. 15: 114-133. Link to external document.
  Andres-Hernandez, Agustina Rosa, Teresa Terrazas, Gerardo Salazar, and Helga Ochoterena. 2014. Phylogenetic analysis based on strructural and combined analyses of Rhus s. s. (Anacardiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 176(4):452-468.
  Anonymous. n.d.. Golden, Colorado Flood History: Tucker Gulch & Kenneys Run. Excerpts from 1983 Flood Hazard Area Delineation report. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 15 November 2024. Includes a link to a printer-friendly version at the bottom of the page.
  Anonymous. 1971. Notes. SIDA Contributions to Botany. 4(3):265. Link to external document.
  Arkansas Valley Seeds. 2019. Rocky Mountain Native Mix. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf} Date retrieved: 14 November 2019, 12 January 2020.
  Audubon, John James, John Bachman, & John W. Audubon. 1854. The viviparous quadrupeds of North America. 3: 262. New York: V.G. Audubon, 1854. Link to external document.
  Bahm, Matt A., Thomas G. Barnes, and Kent C. Jensen. 2011. Restoring Native Plant Communities in Smooth Brome (Bromus inermis)–Dominated Grasslands. Invasive Plant Science and Management. 4(2):239-250.
  Bailey, L. H. 1889. Studies of the Types of various Species of the Genus Carex. Memoirs of the torrey Botanical Club. 1(1):1-86. Link to external document.
  Baillon, Henri. 1867-95. Historie des Plantes. 13 vols.. Link to external document.
  Baldwin, Bruce G., Douglas H. Goldman, David J. Keil, Robert Patterson, and Thomas J. Rosatti. 2012. The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, January 2012. {TAS}
  Baldwin, Bruce G., and Kenneth R. Wood. 2016. Origin of the Rapa endemic Apostates: Revisiting major disjunctions and evolutionary conservatism in the Bahia alliance (Compositae: Bahieae). Taxon. 66(5):1064-1080. Link to external document.
  Barkley, Fred Alexander. 1937. A Monographic Study of Rhus and Its Immediate Allies in North and Central America Including the West Indies. Annals of the Missouri Botanic Garden. 24(3).
  Barkley, Theodore M. 2006. Senecio. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 20. Link to external document.
  Beaman, John H. 1957. The Systematics and Evolution of Townsendia (Compositae). Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. No. . Cambridge, MA: Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, 1957. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf}
  Beauvois, Palisot de. 1812. Essai d'une nouvelle agrostographie, ou, Nouveaux genres des graminées : avec figures représentant les caractères de tous les genres. Paris: Chez l'auteur, 1812. Link to external document.
  Bei, Zhanlin, Xin Zhang, and Xingjun Tian. 2023. The Mechanism by Which Umbrella-Shaped Rachet Trichomes on the Elaeagnus angustifolia Leaf Surface Collect Water and Reflect Light. Biology. 2023(12). Link to external document.
  Bentham, George. 1845. Polemoniaceae. Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive, Enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarium, juxta methodi naturalis, normas digesta. 9: 302-. Link to external document.
  Bentham, George. 1846. Scrophulariaceae. pp. in DeCandolle, A. P.. Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis, sive, Enumeratio contracta ordinum generum specierumque plantarum huc usque cognitarium, juxta methodi naturalis, normas digesta. 10: 186 -586. Link to external document.
  Biodiversity Heritage Library Consortium. 2015 - 2022 &c.. Biodiversity Heritage Library. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 2006 to present. Link to external document. Retireved frequently from the beginning of this project (2015?) through the current date.
  Bieberstein, Marschall von, Freidrich August. 1808. Flora taurico-caucasica exhibens stirpes phaenogamas :in Chersoneso Taurica et regionibus caucasicis sponte crescentes. Charkouiae [Kharkov]: Typis Academicis, 1808-1819. Link to external document.
  Boott, William. 1884. Notes on Cyperaceae. Botanical Gazetta. 9(6):86-94. Link to external document.
  Brand, A. 1907. IV. 250 Polemoniaceae. pp. Heft 27 in Engler, Adolf. Das Pflanzenreich :regni vegetablilis conspectus. 27(1-203). Leipzig: Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, 1907. Link to external document.
  Brewer, W. H., Sereno Watson, and Asa Gray. 1880. Botany. Geological Survey of California.. 2 vols.. Link to external document. Volume I (https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/62963) describes the Polypetalae by W. H. Brewer and Sereno Watson, with Gamopetalae by Asa Gray. Volume II (https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19069657) by Sereno Watson describes the Apetalae, including the Gymnospermae, Monocots, &c.
  Britton, Nathaniel Lord. 1882. Notes on the Autumn Flora of Southern Wyoming and Eastern Colorado. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 8(12):156. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 31 January 2021. Very brief, without much detail.
  Britton, Nathaniel Lord. 1900. Descriptions of new North American Thorns. Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 1(5):447-449.
  Britton, Nathaniel Lord, and H. H. Rusby. 1887. A list of plants collected by Miss Mary B. Croft, 1884-'85, at San Diego, Texas, near the Headwaters of the Rio Dulce. Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences. 7: 7-14. Link to external document.
  Britton, Nathaniel Lord, and J. N. Rose. 1919-1923. The Cactaceae. 4 vols.. Washington: Carnegie Institution of Washington. Link to external document.
  Britton, Nathaniel Lord, Emerson Ellick Sterns, and Justus Ferdinand Poggenburg. 1888. Preliminary catalogue of Anthophyta and Pteridophyta, reported as growing spontaneously within one hundred miles of New York City. New York: Torrey Botanical Club, April 25, 1888. Link to external document.
  Britton, Nathaniel Lord, et al. 1894. List ot Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta growing without Cultivation in Northeastern North America. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 5: 1-366. Link to external document. Written by a committee composed of N. L. Britton, Frederick V. Coville, John M. Coulter, Lucien M. Underwood, Henry H. Rusby, Lester F. Ward, and William. A. Kelerman. The committee was increased to nine persons with the addition of Edward L. Greene and William Trelease.
  Brown, Georgina. 1976. The Shining Mountains. Leadville, CO: Georgina Brown, 1976. {TAS}
  Brown, Robert. 1810. Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae van-Diemen. London: 27 March 1810. Link to external document. Date Retrieved: 9 Jun 2020, URL:
  Bruneau, Anne, Julian R. Starr, and Simon Joly. 2007. Phylogenetic Relationships in the Genus Rosa: New Evidence from Chloroplat DNA sequences and an Appraisal of Current Knowledge. Systematic Botany. 32(2):366-378. DOI:10.1600/036364407781179653
  Brunquist, E. H. 1966. Flora. pp. 6-11 in Irwin-Williams, Cynthia, and Henry J. Irwin, 1966. Excavations at Magic Mountain: A Diachronic Study of Plains-Southwest Relations. Denver Museum of Natural History, Proceedings No. 12. Denver, Colorado: Denver Museum of Natural History, October 20, 1966. {TAS-pdf}
  Buerki, Sven, Porter P. Lowry II, nadir Alvarez, Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison, Phillipe Kupfer, & Martin W. Callmander. 2010. Phylogeny and circumscription of Sapindaceae revisited: molecular sequence data, morphology and biography support recognition of a new family, Xanthoceraceae. Plant Ecology and Evolution. 143(2):148-159. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2010.437
  Bunge, Alexander von. 1835. Enumeratio plantarum quas in China boreali collegit Dr. Al. Bunge Anno 1831. Mem. Sav. Etu. Acad. Sci. St. Perersb.. 2: 74-147. Link to external document.
  Carriere, Elie-Abel. 1867. Traité général des conifères; ou, Description de toutes les espèces et variétés de ce genre aujourd'hui connues, avec leur synonymie, l'indication des procédés de culture et de multiplication qu'il convient de leur appliquer. [General treatise on conifers; or, Description of all the species and varieties of this genus known today, with their synonymy, an indication of the cultivation and multiplication methods which should be applied to them]. Paris: Chez l'Auteur, 1867. Link to external document.
  Chamisso, Adelbertus, and Diedericus Schlechtendal. 1828. Plantis in Expeditione Speculatoria Romanzoffiana Observatis [Plants Seen in Romanzoff's Scouting Expedition]. Linnaea : Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange. 3(1):32-33. Link to external document.
  Chapin, Charles E., Shari A. Kelley, and Steven M. Cather. 2014. The Rocky Mountain Front, southwestern USA. Geosphere. 10(5):1043-1060. {TAS-pdf}
  Clemants, Steven E., and Gerry Moore. 2003. Patterns of Species Diversity in Eight Northeastern United States Cities. Urban Habitats. 1(1). {TAS-pdf}
  Colorado Department of Agriculture. 2014-2019. Noxious Weeds. Date retrieved: 2014-2019, https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/agconservation/noxiousweeds
  Collette, Liana K. D., and Jason Pither. 2015. Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) Biology and Ecology and its Potential to Invade Northern North American Riparian Ecosystems. Invasive Plant Science and Management. 8: 1-14. Link to external document.
  Colorado Tree Coalition. 2023. Yellowhorn. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 14 May 2023
  Columbus, J. Travis. 1999. An expanded circumscription of Bouteloua (Graminae: Chloridoideae): New Combinations and Names. Aliso. 18(1):61-65. {TAS-pdf}
  Colwell, Robert K. 2008. Biodoversity: Concepts, Patterns, and Measurement. pp. in Levin, Simon A.. The Princeton Guide to Ecology. 2008. {TAS-pdf} (http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s3_8879.pdf, accessed 23 Nov 2014.
  Coulter, John Merle. 1885. Manual of the botany (phaenogamia and pteridophyta) of the Rocky mountain region : from New Mexico to the British boundary. New York: American Book Company, 1885. Link to external document.
  Coulter, John M. 1891. Botany of Western Texas. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. 2: 1-569. Link to external document.
  Coulter, John M., and Aven Nelson. 1909. New Manual of Botany of the Central Rocky Mountains (Vascular Plants). New York: American Book Company, 1909. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf}
  Coulter, John M., and Joseph N. Rose. 1888. Revision of North American Umbelliferae. Crawfordsville, Indiana: Wabash College, 1888. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 20 April 2021.
  Coville Frederick V. 1893. Botany of the Death Valley Expedition. Contributions from the U. S. National Herbarium. 4. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1893. Link to external document.
  Coville, Frederick Vernon. 1895. Juncus scirpoides and its immediate Relatives. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 22(7):302-305. Link to external document.
  Colorado State University. 2019. Guide to Poisonous Plants. Date retrieved: 8 May 2020. URL: https://csuvth.colostate.edu/poisonous_plants/
  DeCandolle, Augustus Pyramus. 1836. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. Paris: 1836. Link to external document.
  DeCandolle, Augustus Pyramus. 1844. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. 8. Paris: 1844. Link to external document.
  DeCandolle, Augustus Pyramus. 1857. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. 14. Paris: 1857. Link to external document.
  DeCant, Joseph P. 2008. Russian olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia, alters patterns in soil nitrogen pools along the Rio Grande River, New Mexico, USA. Wetlands. 28(4):896-904. Link to external document.
  Denver Botanic Garden. 2023. Xanthoseras. Gardens Navigator. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 14 May 2023
  Der, Joshua P., and Daniel L. Nickrent. 2008. A Molecular Phylogeny of Santalaceae (Santalales). Systematic Botany. 33(1):107-116. Link to external document.
  Dewey, C. 1854. Caricography. (Continued from vol. ix, p. 30, Second Series). The American Journal of Science and Arts. Series 2. 18: 102-103. Link to external document.
  Dietrich, David Nathaniel Friedrich. 1847. Synopsis Plantarum seu enumeratio systematica plantarum…. 4. Link to external document. Issued in five volumes: Vol. 1, Jul 1839, Vol. 2, 1-20 Dec 1840, Vol. 3, late Dec 1842, Vol. 4, early Jan 1847, Vol. 5, Apr 1852. Volume 4.
  Don, David. 1824. Description of Cowania, a new Genus of Plants ; and of a new Species of Sieversia. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 14(3):573-577. Link to external document.
  Don, George. 1831-1838. A general history of the dichlamydeous plants :comprising complete descriptions of the different orders...the whole arranged according to the natural system. 4 vols.. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 15 October 2020,
  Douglas, David. 1830. LIV. An Account of some new, and little known Species of the Genus Ribes. Transactions of the Horticultural Society of London. 7(4):508-519. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 9 April 2021.
  Drewes, Harald. 2008. Table Mountain shoshonite porphyry lava flows and their vents, Golden, Colorado. U. S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5242.
  Dunal, Felix. 1819. Sur deux Genres de Plantes de la famille des Composees. Annales du Muséum d'histoire naturelle. 5: 45-58. Link to external document.
  Duncan, Celestine and Melissa Brown Munson. 2018. Canada Thistle: A Literature Review of Biology and Management. Techline: Invasive Plant News. {TAS-pdf} Date retrieved: 22 September 2019: https://www.techlinenews.com/articles/2016/canada-thistle-literature-review
  Earle, A. Scott, and James L. Reveal. 2003. Lewis and Clark's Green World: The Expedition and its Plants. Helena, Montana: Farcountry Press, 2003.
  Eckenwalder, James E. 1977. North American Cottonwoods (Populus, Salicaceae) of Sections Abaso and Aigeiros. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 58(3):193-208. Link to external document.
  Egan, Ashley N., and James L. Reveal. 2009. A New Combination in Pediomelum and a New Genus, Ladeania, from Western North America (Fabaceae, Psoralaeae). Novon. 19: 310-314. {TAS-pdf}
  Elliott, Stephen. 1821-1824. A sketch of the botany of South Carolina and Georgia. 2 vols. Date retrieved: 27 September 2020, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/9508
  Emadzade, Khatere, Carlos Lehnebach, Peter Lockhart, and Elvira Horandl. 2010. A molecular phylogeny, morphology, and classification of genera of Ranunculeae (Ranunculaceae). Taxon. 59(3):809-828. Link to external document.
  Endlicher, Stephan. 1840. Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita. Vindobonae: Apud F. Becj, 1836-1840. Link to external document.
  Engelmann, George. 1848. Botanical Appendix. Memoir of a tour to northern Mexico :connected with Col. Doniphan's expedition, in 1846 and 1847. Link to external document.
  Engelmann, George. 1850. Cactaceae. pp. 195-209 in Gray, Asa. Art. I. - Plantae Lindheimerianae, Part II. An Account of a Collection of Plants made by F. Lindheimer in the Western Part of Texas, in the Years 1845-6, and 1847-8, with critical remarks, …. Boston Journal of Natural History. 6(2):141-240. Link to external document.
  Engelmann, George. 1863. Additions to the Cactus-Flora of the Territory of the United States. Transactions of the Academy of St. Louis. 2. Link to external document.
  Engelmann, Georg, and John M. Bigelow. 1856. No. 3, Description of the Cactaceae. Report of the Botany of the Expedition. Route Near the Thirty-fifth Parallel, Exploted by Lieutenant A. W. Whipple, Topographical Engineers, in 1853 and 1854. Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. 5. Link to external document.
  Enke, Neela. 2009. Contributions towards a revised infrageneric classification of Crepis (Chicorieae, Compositae). Willdenowia. 39(2):229-245.
  Ewan, Joseph A. 2005. Notes on Louisiana Botany and Botanists, 1718-1975. SIDA, Contributions to Botany. 21(1):2275-2296. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41968527
  Fee, A. L. A. 1852. Mémoires sur les Familles des Fougères; Cinquieme Mémoire, Genera Filicum. Link to external document.
  Fernald, M. L. 1906. Some new or little known Cyperaceae of eastern North America. Rhodora. 8(92):161-167. Link to external document.
  Fernald, M. L. 1934. Draba in temperate northeastern America. Rhodora. 36(427, 428, 429, 430):241-261, 285-305, 314-344, 353-371.
  Fernald, M. L. 1943. Virginian Botanizing Under Restrictions. Rhodora; Journal of the New England Botanical Club. 45(538):357-412. Link to external document.
  Fernandez-Mazuecos, Mario, Jose Luis Blanco-Pastor, and Pablo Vargas. 2013. A Phylogeny of. International Journal of Plant Sciences. 174(2):234-249.
  Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 16+. New York and Oxford.. Published on the Internet; http://www.theplantlist.org/ (accessed 2013, 2014, etc.)
  Fraser, John. 1813. A Catalogue of New and Interesting Plants, Collected in Upper Louisiana, and principally on the River Missourie, North America. For sale at Messrs. Fraser's Nursery for Curious American Plants, Sloane Square, King's Road, Chelesea, London. Very rare, but reprinted by E. L. Greene (1892).
  Freckmann, Robert W. and Michel G. Lelong. 2002. Nomenclatural Changes and Innovations in Panicum and Dichanthelium (Poaceae: Paniceae). SIDA, Contributions to Botany. 20: 161-174. Link to external document.
  Fremont, John C. 1845. The Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the year 1842, and to Oregon and North California in the years 1843-'44. Washington, DC: 1845. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf}
  Global Invasive Species Database. 2019. Species profile for Bromus inermis. Date retrieved 17 September 2019, http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=1223
  Golden, City of. 2019. Revegetation Requirements. {TAS-pdf} Date retrieved: 14 November 2019, https://www.cityofgolden.net/media/COGRevegetationRequirements2019.pdf
  Goodman, George J., and Cheryl A. Lawson. 1995. Retracing Major Stephen H. Long's 1820 Expedition. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995.
  Grant, Verne. 1956. A Synopsis of Ipomopsis. Aliso. 3(3):351-362. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol3/iss3/9/
  Graustein, Jeannette E. 1967. Thomas Nuttall, Naturalist: Explorations in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967. {TAS}
  Gray, Asa. 1835. A notice of some new, rare, or otherwise interesting Plants, from the Northern and Western portions of the State of New York. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History. 3: 233. Link to external document. Read December, 1834. Date retrieved: 21 March 2021.
  Gray, Asa. 1849. Plantae Fendlerianae Novi-Mexicanae; An Account of a Collection of Plants made chiefly in the Vicinity of Santa Fe, New Mexico, by Augustus Fendler;. with Descriptions of the New Species, Critical Remarks, and Characters of other undescribed or little known Plants from surrounding Regions. Memoirs of the American Academy. IV(I):1-116. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1850. Art. I.—Plantae Lindheimerianae, Part II. An Account of a collection of Plants made by F. Lindheimer in the Western part of Texasm in the Years 1845-6 and 1847-8, with Critical Remarks, Descriptions of new Species, &c. Boston Journal of Natural History. 6(2):141-240. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1852-1853. Plantae Wrightianae: Texano — Neo – Mexicanae: an account of a collection of plants made by Charles Wright. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Part 1, Vol. III., Art. 5. and Part 2 Vol. V., Art 6.. in 2 parts. Washington City: Smithsonian Institution, March, 1852 - February, 1853. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1856. Manual of the botany of the northern United states. New York: George P. Putnam & Co., 1856. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1856. Descriptions of the botanical specimens. Narrative of the expedition of an American squadron to the China Seas and Japan : performed in the years 1852, 1853, and 1854, under the command of Commodore M.C. Perry, United States Navy, by order of the Government of the United States. 2: 305-336. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1862. 3. Synopsis of the Genus Pentstemon. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 6: 56-. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1863. Enumeration of the Species of Plants Collected by Dr. C. C. Parry, and Messrs. Elihu Hall and J. P. Harbour, during the Summer and Autumn of 1862, on and near the Rocky Mountains, in Colorado Territory, lat. 39°-41°. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 15: 55-80. Link to external document.
  Gray, Asa. 1876a. V. Contributions to the Botany of North America. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 12, new v.4: 51-84. Link to external document. Section 2. Characters of New Species, &c., footnote beginning on page 65.
  Gray, Asa. 1880. Contributions to North American Botany: I. Notes on some Compositae. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. VIII (XVI): 78-108. Boston: University Press: John Wilson and Son, June 9, 1880.
  Gray, Asa. 1884. Syntopical Flora of North America. Caprifoliaceae—Compositae. Vol 1, Pt 2. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward Lee. 1891-97. Flora Franciscana. An attempt to classify and describe the vascular plants of middle California. San Francisco: Cubery & Co., 1891-97.
  Greene, Edward L. 1893. Novitates Occidentales.-IV. Erythea. a journal of botany, West American and general. 1: 147-153. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward L. 1895. Novitates Occidentales. — XI. Erythea. 3(2):46. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward L. 1898. Studies in the Compositae.—VII. Pittonia. 3(18):264-305. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward L. 1898b. Some Western Polemoniaceae. Pittonia. 3(18):299-305. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward Lee. 1899c. New Species of Sisyrinchium. Pittonia. v(20):32-34. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward L. 1901. New or Noteworthy Species. — XXIX. Pittonia. 4(25):318-321. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/52476
  Greene, Edward L. 1902b. Some New Northwestern Compositae. The Ottawa Naturalist. 15(9):278. Link to external document.
  Greene, Edward L. 1906c. The Genus Tridophyllum. Leaflets of Botanical Observation and Criticism. 1: 188-9. Washington, DC. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/13850
  Hábenczyus, Alida A., et al. 2022. Increasing abundance of an invasive C4 grass is associated with larger community changes away than at home. Applied Vegetation Science. 25. https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12659
  Hackel, Eduard. 1890. pp. in F. Lamson-Scribner and Effie A. Southworth. Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. The True Grasses. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1890. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/65437
  Haddad, Nick M., et al. 2015. Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth's ecosystems. Science Advances. 1(2). Link to external document.
  Harrington, H. D. 1954. Manual of the plants of Colorado. Denver, CO.: Sage Books., 1954.
  Harrington, H. D. 1964, 2nd ed.. Manual of the plants of Colorado. Denver, CO.: Sage Books., 1964. {TAS}
  Harrington, H. D. and L. W. Durrell. 1957. How To Identify Plants. Chicago, Illinois: The Swallow Press, Inc., 1957. {TAS}
  Harris, James G., and Melinda Woolf Harris. 2001. Plant Identification Terminology: An Illustrated Glossary. Spring Lake, Utah: Spring Lake Publishing, 2001. {TAS}
  Haworth, Adrian Hardy. 1819. Supplementum plantarum succulentarum :sistens plantas novas vel nuper introductas, sive omissas,. Synopse plantarum succulentarum : cum observationibus variis anglicanis. London: Impensis J. Harding, 1819. Link to external document.
  Hayden, F. V. 1870. Preliminary report of the United States Geological Survey of Wyoming : and portions of contiguous territories, (being a second annual report of progress). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1872. Link to external document.
  Hedgem Carl E., Robert S. Houston, Ogden L. Tweto, Zell E. Peterman, Jack E. Harrison, and Rolland R. Reid. 1986. The Precambrian of the Rocky Mountain Region. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper. 1241-D. Washington, C. D.: United States Government Printing Office, 1986. {TAS-pdf}
  Heisey, Rod M. 1990. Allelopathic and Herbicidal Effects of Extracts from Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima). American Journal of Botany. 77(5):662-670.
  Helzer, Chris. 2016. The Curious Case of Stickleaf Flowers – Yet Another Fascinating Natural History Story. The Prairie Ecologist. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 18 July 2025.
  Hitchcock, A. S. 1894. A Key to the Spring Flora of Manhattan. Manhattan, Kansas: Mercury Publishing House, 1894. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/32065
  Hitchcock, A. S. 1920. The Genera of Grasses of the United States: with special reference to the economic species. U. S. D. A. Bulletin 772. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ia/generaofgrasseso772hitc_0/#page/3/mode/1up
  Hooker, William J. 1830a. Potentilla gracilis. Tall Upright Conquefoil. Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 57: t. 2984. Link to external document.
  Hooker, William Jackson, Sir. 1837-1841. Icones plantarum or figures, with brief descriptive characters and remarks, of new or rare plants, selected from the author's herbarium. 1-4. Link to external document.
  Hooker, Sir William Jackson. 1829-1840. Flora Boreali-Americana; or the Botany of the Northern Parts of British America. Link to external document. Published at various dates from September 1829 to July 1840. The following dates of publication of the parts as issued are given by B.D. Jackson in Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier, v.1, p. 298 (1893) : v.1, pt. 1, p. 1-48, 1829; pts. 2 and 3, p. 49-144, 1830; pts. 4-6 concluding v.1, 1834; v.2, pt. 7, p. 1-48, 1834; pt. 8, p. 49-96, 1838; pt. 9, p. 97-144, 1838; pt. 10, p. 145-192 [1838]; pt. 11, p. 193-241, 1839; pt. 12, p. 241-end. 1840.
  Hopkins, Milton. 1937. Arabis in Eastern and Central North America. Rhodora. 39(459):63-98 , 106-147. Link to external document.
  Hudson, William. 1762. Gulielmi Hudsoni, Regiae Societatis Socii et Pharmacopaei Londinensis, Flora anglica : exhibens plantas per regnum angliae sponte crescentes, distributas secundum systema sexuale :. cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, solo locorum, tempore florendi, officinalibus pharmacopaeorum. London: Impensis auctoris, 1762. Link to external document.
  Hufford, Larry, John J. Schenk, and Joshua M. Brokaw. 2017. Mentzelia. Flora of North America. 12. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 16 January 2021.
  IPNI. 2015 - 2022 &c.. International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Link to external document. Retireved frequently from the beginning of this project (2015?) through the current date.
  Jabbour, Florian, and Susanne S. Renner. 2012. A phylogeny of Delphinieae (Renunculaeae) shows that Aconitum is nested within Delphinium and that late Miocene transitions to long life cycles in the Himalayas and Southwest China coincide with bursts in diversification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62: 928-942. {TAS-pdf}
  Jacquin, Nikolaus Joseph, Freiherr van. 1781-1793. Icones plantarum rariorum. 3 vols.. Vindobonae [Vienna, Austria]: C. F. Wappler, 1781-1793. Link to external document.
  Jacquin, Nicolaus J. 1797-1804. Plantarum Rariorum Horti Caesarei Schoenbrunnensis Descriptiones et Icones. Vienna, London. Link to external document.
  James, Edwin, ed. 1823. Account of an Expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains performed in the years 1819, 1820, by order of the Hon. J. C. Calhoun, under the command of Major Stephen H. Long. II. Link to external document. Volume 1: (http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124314). Volume 2: (https://books.google.com/books?printsec=frontcover&pg=PA256&id=ys5jAAAAMAAJ#v=onepage&q&f=false)
  James, Edwin. 1825. Catalogue of Plants Collected During a Journey to and from the Rocky Mountains, During the Summer of 1820. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. n.s.(2):172-190. (http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/26092#page/194/mode/1up)
  Jercinovic, Eugene. n.d.. Ninety Years After Greene. Date retrieved: 17 February 2019, http://newmexicoflores.com/E.L.Greene.pdf
  Jones, Marcus E. n.d.. Botanical Exploration of Marcus E. Jones: 1875 to 1919. {TAS-pdf} (http://www.rsabg.org/documents/research/marcus_jones_1875_1919.pdf, accessed 22 November 2014)
  Kadereit, Gudrun, and Helmut Freitag. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of Camphorosmeae (Camphorosmoideae, Chenopodiaceae): Implications for biogeography, evolution of C4-photosyntheses and taxonomy. Taxon. 60(1):51-78. Link to external document.
  Kilburn, Paul D., and Sally L. White. 1992. North Table Mountain: Its History and Natural Features. Morrison, CO: Jefferson County Nature Association, 1992. {TAS-pdf}
  Kim, Sang-Chul, Jung Sung Kim, Mark W. Chase, Michael F. Fay, and Joo-Hwan Kim. 2016. Molecular phylogenetic relationships of Melanthiaceae (Liliales) based on plastid DNA sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181: 567-584. {TAS-pdf}
  Knight, Kathleen S., Jessica S. Kurylo, Anton G. Endress, J. Ryan Stewart, and Peter B. Reich. 2007. Ecology and ecosystem impacts of common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica): a review. Biological Invasions. 9: 925-937.
  Knight, Ora W. 1906. Notes on our Yellow Cypripediums. Rhodora. 8(89):93-94. Link to external document.
  Kunth, Carol Sigismund. 1815-1825. Nova genera et species plantarum :quas in peregrinatione ad plagam aequinoctialem orbis novi collegerunt /descripserunt, partim adumbraverunt Amat. Bonpland et Alex. de Humboldt. 7 volumes. Link to external document.
  Kuntze, Otto. 1891-1898. Revisio generum plantarum:vascularium omnium atque cellularium multarum secundum leges nomenclaturae internationales cum enumeratione plantarum exoticarum in itinere mundi collectarum ... Leipzig: A. Felix [etc.], 1891-1898. Link to external document.
  Kunze, Gustav. 1851. Die Farnkräuter in kolorirten Abbildungen naturgetreu erläutert und beschreiben (The fern herbs explained and described true to nature in colored illustrations). Leipzig: E. Fleisher, 1840-1851. Link to external document.
  Lagasca y Segura, Mariano. 1816. Genera et species plantarum, quae aut novae sunt aut nondum recte cognoscuntur. [Genera and species of plants, which are either new or not yet correctly known. ]. Matritum [Madrid]: ex Typographya Regia [Royal Printer]. Link to external document.
  Lagasca, Mariano, and Joseph Rodriguez. 1801. Descripcion do algunas plantas del Rel Jardin Botanico de Madrid por D. Mariano Lagasca y D. Joseph Rodriguez, Alumnos del Establecimiento. Anales de historia natural. 4: 256-. Link to external document.
  Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste. 1783. Encyclopedie Methodique: Botanique. 1. Link to external document.
  Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste, and Agustin de Candolle. 1815. Flore franc¸aise, ou, Descriptions succinctes de toutes les plantes qui croissent naturellement en France : dispose´es selon une nouvelle me´thode d'analyse, et pre´ce´de´es par un expose´ des principes e´le´mentaires de la botanique. 5 parts. Paris: Chez Desray, 1815. Link to external document.
  Lambert, Aylmer Bourke, Esq., F.R.S, F.S.A. 1802. A description of the genus Pinus :illustrated with figures, directions relative to the cultivation, and remarks on the uses of the several specie. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 15 March 2021.
  Lammers, Thomas G. 2016. Edwin James: First Botanist for Iowa (U.S.A.). J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas. 10(2):475-500. {TAS-pdf}
  Lammers, Thomas G. 2017. Plants seen at Prairie Du Chien in 1824-1826: Notes from the diary of Dr. Edwin James. The Great Lakes Botanist. 56: 28-37. {TAS-pdf}
  Lawson, Peter & Son. 1836. The Agriculturalist's manual : being a familiar description of the agricultural plants cultivated in Europe,. including practical observations respecting those suited to the climate of Great Britain, and forming a report of Lawson's Agricultural Museum in Edinburgh. Edinburgh: W. Blackwood, 1836. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/165048
  Ledebour, Carl (Karl) Friedrich von. 1812. Sex Decades Plantarum Novarum in Imperio Rossico Indigenarum. Me´moires de l'Acade´mie impe´riale des sciences de St. Pe´tersbourg. 5: 514-578. Link to external document.
  Lehman, Johann G. C. 1818. Plantae e Familiae Asperifoliarum Nuciferae. 2 vols.. Link to external document. Asperifoliae is an archaic name for Boraginaceae.
  Lewis, Meriwether. 1804. Coll. No. 40, Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal. Catalog #: PH00043566. Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (PH). Biodiversity occurrence data published by: SEINet - AZ/NM Node. Link to external document. (accessed through the SEINet - AZ/NM Node Portal, https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet, 2025-09-09).
  Lewis, Walter H. 1959. A monograph of the genus Rosa in North America. I R. acicularis. Brittonia. 11(1):1-24. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf}
  Lewis, Walter H., and Barbara Ertter. 2007. Subspecies of Rosa nutkana and R. woodsii (Rosaceae) in Western North Wmaerica. Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature. 17(3):341-353. Link to external document.
  Lindley, John. 1828. Berberis repens. Botanical Reister. No. . Link to external document.
  Link, Heinrich. 1821-1822. Enumeratio plantarum Horti regii botanici berolinensis altera [Enumeration of plants of the Royal Botanic Gardens]. Berlin: G. Reimer, 1821-1822. Link to external document.
  Linne´, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 17 February 2016, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358861
  Linnaeus, Carl. 1756. Centuria Plantarium. Upsaliae: L. M. Hojer, 1755-1756. Link to external document.
  Linnaeus, Carl. 1759. Caroli Linnaei...Systema naturae per regna tria naturae :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Holmiae: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1758-1759. Link to external document.
  Linnaeus, Carl. 1766-1768. Caroli a Linne´ ... Systema naturae : per regna tria natura, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Holmiae: Laurentii Salvii,, 1766-1768. Link to external document.
  Linne´, Carl von. 1771. Mantissa plantarum : Generum editionis VI. et specierum editionis II. Mantissa plantarum : Generum editionis VI. et specierum editionis II. Holmiae: Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, 1767. Link to external document. The Mantissa plantarum was published originally as an appendix to v.2 of the author's Systema naturae, 12th ed., 1767. The 2d pt. was first published separately in 1771.
  Linne´, Carl von. 1782. Supplementum plantarum Systematis vegetabilium editionis decimae tertiae, Generum plantarum editionis sextae, et Specierum plantarum editionis secunda. Brunsvigae [Brunswick, W. Germany]: Impensis Orphanotrophei, 1781. Link to external document.
  Linne, Carl von, and Lars Salvius. 1763. Species plantarum (ed. 2). 2 vols. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/11179
  Lis, Richard. 2015. Holodiscus. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 9. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 13 January 2021
  Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, J. L. A. 1809. Suite de la Notice sur les plantes à ajouter à la Flore de France (Flora Gallica ),avec quelques corrections et observations. Journal de botanique, rédigé par une société de botanistes. Paris: G. Dufour, impr. de J.B. Sajou, 1808-1809. Link to external document. Edited by Desvaux, A.-N. 1784-1856. Succeeded by: Journal de botanique appliquée à l'agriculture, à la pharmacie, à la médecine et aux arts .
  Löve, Áskell. 1980a. IOPB Chromosome Number Reports LXVI. Taxon. 29(1):163-169. Link to external document.
  Lunell, J. 1915. The Vascular Plants of North Dakota. — III. The American Midland Naturalist. 4(6):229-243. Link to external document.
  Mabry, Makenzie E., and Michael G. Simpson. 2018. Evaluating the Monophyly and Biogeography of Cryptantha (Boraginaceae. Systematic Botany. 43(1):53-76. {TAS-pdf}
  Mackenzie, Kenneth Kent. 1905. Onosmodium. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 32(9):495-506. Link to external document.
  MacMillan, Conway. 1892. The Metaspermae of the Minnesota Valley : a list of the higher seed-producing plants indigenous to the drainage-basin of the Minnesota River. Reports of the survey (Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota)., Botanical series. 1.
  Marshall, Humphry. 1785. Arbustrum Americanum : The American grove, or, An alphabetical catalogue of forest trees and shrubs, natives of the American United States, arranged according to the Linnaean system :. containing, the particular distinguishing characters of each genus, with plain, simple and familiar descriptions of the manner of growth, appearance, &c. of their several species and varieties. :. Philadelphia: Printed by Joseph Crukshank, in Market-Street, between Second and Third-Streets, 1785. Link to external document.
  Mergen, Francois. 1959. A Toxic Principle in the Leaves of Ailanthus. Botanical Gazette. 121(1):32-36.
  Merrill, E. D. 1938. Biographical Memoir of Nathaniel Lord Britton. National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoirs. 19. Link to external document.
  Merrill, E. D. 1948. Nomenclatural Notes on Rafinesque's Published Papers 1804-1840. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 29(2):202-213. Link to external document.
  Michaux, Andre. 1803. Flora boreali-americana :sistens caracteres plantarum quas in America septentrionali collegit et detexit Andreas Michaux. in 2 volumes. Date retrieved: 21 July 2020: URL: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7567
  Miller James H. 1990. Ailanthus altissima. pp. in Burns, Russell M.; Honkala, Barbara H. (eds.). Hardwoods. Silvics of North America. 2. Washington, DC: United States Forest Service (USFS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), 1990.
  Mineau, Madeline M., Colden V. Baxter, and Amy Marcarelli. 2011. A Non-native riparian tree (Elaeagnus angustifolia) changes nutrient dynamics in streams. Ecosystems. 14(3):353-365. Link to external document.
  Monsen, Stephen B., Richard Stevens, and Nancy Shaw. 2004. Grasses. Restoring Western Ranges and Wildlands. RMRS-GTR-136. 2: 295-424.
  Moquin-Tandon, Alfred. 1840. Chenopodearum monographica enumeratio. Paris: P.-J. Loss, 1840. Link to external document.
  Morgan, David R., and Ronald L. Hartman. 2003. A Synopsis of Machanthera (Asteraceae: Astereae), with recognitions of Segregate Genera. SIDA, Contributuions to Botany. 20: 1387-1416. Link to external document.
  Mosyakin, Sergei L., and Oksana G. Yavorska. 2002. The Nonnative Flora of the Kiev (Kyiv) Urban Area, Ukraine: A Checklist and Brief Analysis. Urban Ecology. 1(1):45-65. {TAS-pdf}
  Moulton, Gary E. 1999. Herbarium of the Lewis & Clark Expedition. The Journals of the Lewis & Clark Expedition. 12. 1999.
  Munz, Philip A. 1965. A California Flora. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1681 p.
  Nelson A. 1898. The Rocky Mountain species of Thermopsis. Botanical Gazetta. 25: 275-276.
  Nelson, Aven. 1898a. New Plants from Wyoming.—II.*. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 25(5):275-283. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10418174#page/342/
  Nelson, Aven, and J. Francis Macbride. 1913. Western Plant Studies. II. Botanical Gazette. 56(6):469-479. Link to external document.
  Nesom, Guy L. 1994. Review of the taxonomy of Aster sensu lato (Asteraceae: Astereae), emphasizing the new world species. Phytologia. 77(3):141-297. Link to external document.
  Nesom, Guy L., and Gary I. Baird. 1993. Completion of Ericameria (Asteraceae: Astereae), Diminution of Chrysothamnus. Phytologia. 75(1):74-93. {TAS-pdf}
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1813. A Catalogue of New and Interesting Plants, Collected in Upper Louisiana, and principally on the River Missouri, North America. Fraser's Nursery Catalogue. reprinted in Pittonia. 2: 116-119. Link to external document.
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1818. The Genera of North American Plants and a catalogue of the species to the year 1817. 2 Vols.. Philadelphia: 1818. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf} Retrieved 22 February 2016,
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1821. A Description of some new species of Plants, recently introduced into the gardens of Philadelphia, from the Arkansa territory. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 2: 114. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 10 August 2020, URL:
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1834a. A Catalogue of a Collection of Plants made chiefly in the Valleys of the Rocky Mountain or Northern Andes, towards the sources of the Columbia River, by Mr. Nathaniel B. Wyeth, and described by T. Nuttall. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 7(I):1-60. Link to external document.
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1834b. Collections towards a Flora of the Territory of Arkansa. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. Read before the Amperical Philosophical Society April 4, 1834. Published 1937.. 5 New Series: 139-203. Philadelphia, PA: 1837. Link to external document. Read April 1, 1834. IPNI shows publication year as 1836. Date retrieved 11 Sep 2020,
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1840-1841. Descriptions of new Species and Genera of Plants. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. II(7):400. Link to external document. Full title: “Descriptions of new Species and Genera of Plants in the natural Order of the Compositae, collected in a Tour across the Continent to the Pacific, a Residence in Oregon, and a Visit to the Sandwich Islands and Upper California, during the Years 1834 and 1835.”
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1842-1849. The North American Sylva. Link to external document. Published as Volume 4 of Michaux and Nuttall's North American Sylva
  Nuttall, Thomas. 1848b. Art. XIII. — Descriptions of Plants collected by William Gambel, M. D., in the Rocky Mountains and Upper California. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Second Series. 1: 149-190. Philadelphia: 1847-1850. Link to external document.
  Oakes, William. 1842. Catalogue of Vermont Plants. Link to external document.
  Ogle, D. G., L. St. John, J. S. Peterson, and D. J. Tilley. 2009. Plant guide for blue flax (Linum perenne) and Lewis flax (). Boise, ID: USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service., January 2001. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf}
  Ornduff, Robert, and Marion S. Cave. 1975. Geography of pollen and chromosomal heteromorphism in Leucocrinum montanum (Liliaceae). Madroño. 23(2):65-67. {TAS-pdf}
  Ortega, Casmiro Gomez. 1797. Novarum aut Rariorum Plantarum Horti Reg. botan. Matrit. descriptionum decades, cum nonnullarum iconibus. Link to external document.
  Osterhout, George E. 1918. A new Hymenopappus from Colorado. Torreya. 18(5):90. Link to external document.
  Osterhout, George F. 1901a. Mentzelia aurea. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 28(11):644. Link to external document.
  Osterhout, George F. 1901b. A corrected name, Mentzelia speciosa. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 28(12):689. Link to external document.
  Ownbey, Gerald B. 1958. Monograph of the genus Argemone for North America and the West Indies. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 21: 1-159. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 27 February 2021.
  Pague, Christopher A., Renee Rondeau, and Mark Duff. 1993. North Table Mountain. Natural Heritage Inventory of Jefferson County, Colorado. Boulder, CO: Colorado Natural Heritage Program, 18 March 1993. {TAS-pdf}
  Parry, Charles C. 1862. Physiographical Sketch of [a] Portion of the Rocky Mountain Range. American Journal of Science and Arts. 33. Link to external document. Includes “Enumeration of the Plants; by A. Gray, aided by notes of Drs. Engelmann and Torrey, and upon the habitats, &c., by Dr. Parry.”
  Paula-Souza, Juliana, and Harvey E. Ballard, Jr. 2014. Re-establishment of the name Pombalia, and new combinations from the polyphyletis Hybanthus (Violaceae). Phytotaxa. 183(1):1-15. Available through ResearchGate.
  Pennell, Francis W. 1919c. Scrophulairaceae of the Local Flora. III. Torreya. 19(9):161-171. Link to external document.
  Pennell, Francis W. 1921b. Veronica in North and South America. Rhodora. 23(265, 266):1-22, 29-40. Link to external document.
  Peterson, Paul M., Konstatin Romaschenko, and Gabriel Johnson. 2010. A phylogeny and classification of the Muhlenbergiinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sewuances. American Journal of Botany. 97(9):1532-1554.
  Peterson, Paul M., Konstantin Romaschenko, Robert J. Soreng, and Jesus Valdés Reyna. 2019. A key to the North American genera of Stipeae (Poaceae, Pooideae) with descriptions and taxonomic names for species of Eriocoma, Neotrinia, Oloptum, and five new genera: Barkworthia, ×Eriosella, Pseudoeriocoma, Ptilagrostiella, and Thorneochloa. Phytokeys. 126: 89-125. Link to external document.
  Piehl, Martin A. 1965. The Natural History and Taxonomy of Comandra (Santalaceae). Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 22: 1-101. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/243041
  Pinkava, Donald J. 2003. Opuntia. Flora of North America. 4. Link to external document.
  Plantae Consulting Services. 2002. Vegetation Survey Report. National Revewable Energy Laboratory, South Table Mountain Site. June 29, 2002.
  Porter, Thomas C., and John M. Coulter. 1874. Synopsis of the Flora of Colorado. Washington: Government Printing Office, March 20, 1874. Link to external document.
  POWO. 2021 - 2025. Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.. Link to external document. Retrieved on numerous dates from 26 February 2021 through today.
  Presl, Carl B. 1830-1835. Reliquiae Haenkeanae, seu, Descriptiones et icones plantarum :quas in America meridionali et boreali, in insulis Philippinis et Marianis collegit Thaddaeus Haenke. Prague: Apud J. G. Calve, 1830-1835. Link to external document.
  Presl, Karl B. 1845. Hymenophyllaceae. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Böhmischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften. 5(3):93-160, 552-584. Link to external document.
  Price, Alan B., and Alan E. Amen. 2008 rev.. Soil Survey of Golden Area, Colorado: Parts of Denver, Douglas, Jefferson, and Park Countirs. 2001, 2008 rev.. {TAS-pdf}
  Pursh, Frederick. 1814. Flora Americae Septentrionalis; or, A Systematic Arrangement and Description of the Plants of North America. 1. London: White, Cochrane, and Co., 1814. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 24 February 2016. biodiversitylibrary.org/item/1987
  Pursh, Frederick. 1816. Flora Americae Septentrionalis; or, A Systematic Arrangement and Description of the Plants of North America. 2. London: White, Cochrane, and Co., 1816. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 24 February 2016. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/item/1987
  Rafinesque, C. S. 1808. Essential Generic and Specific Characters of some new Genusses and Secies of Plants observed in the United States of America, in 1803 and 1804. By Mr. C. G. Rafinesque Schmatlz. In a Communitcation to Dr. Mitchill, dated Palermo, Sept. 1st. 1807. The Medical repositiry. Hexade 2. 5: 356-363. Link to external document.
  Rafinesque, C. S. 1832. Twenty new genera of plants from the Oregon Mountains, &c. Atlantic Journal, and Friend of Knowledge. Philadelphia, PA. (http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/104571#page/155/mode/1up)
  Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. 1833. Herbarium Rafinesquianum. Philadelphia: 1833, 1833. Link to external document.
  Regel, Eduard. 1850. Datura Wrightii Hort. Gartenflora. 8: 193-194, t. 260. Link to external document.
  Reveal, James L. 1968. On the Names in Fraser's 1813 Catalogue. Rhodora. 70: 25-54.
  Reveal, James L. 2004. New Entities in Eriogonum (Polygonaceae: Eriogonoideae). Phytologia. 86(3):121-159.
  Reveal, James L. 2004a. Nomenclatural Summary of Polygonaceae Subfamily Eriogonoideae. Harvard Papers in Botany. 9(1):143-230. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41761686
  Reveal, J. L. 2005. Eriogonum. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 5. Date retrieved: 16 Jul 2018: http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=112045
  Reveal, James L., Gary E. Moulton and Alfred E. Schuyler. 1999. The Lewis and Clark Collections of Vascular Plants: Names, Types, and Comments. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 149: 1-64. {TAS-pdf} Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4065037, accessed 13 September 2014.
  Riley, Charles V., ed. 1870. Poisonous Plants. The American Entomologis and Botanist. 2(7):220. Link to external document.
  Roemer, Johann Jacob, and Josef August Schultes. 1817-1830. Systema vegetabilium [...] Editio nova [...] Volumen quartum. Stuttgardtiae: J. G. Cottae, 1817-1830. Link to external document.
  Roemer, M. J. 1847. Synopsis monographica Rosiflorarum familias naturales Amygdalacearum et Pomacearum continens secindum genera et species digestas. Familiarum naturalium regni vegetabilis synopses monographicae; seu, Enumeratio omnium plantarum hucusque detectarum secundum ordines naturales, genera et species digestarum, additis diagnosibus, synonymis, novarumque vel minus cognitarum descriptionibus. III. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 11 May 2020,
  Romaschenko, Konstantin, et al. 2012. Systematics and evolution of the needle grasses (Poaceae: Pooideae: Stipeae) based on analysis of multiple chloroplast loci, ITS, and lemma micromorphology. Taxon. 61(1):18-44. Link to external document.
  Ro¨mer, Johann Jacob, Joseph August Schultes, Julius Hermann Schultes, Jurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel, and J. G. Cotta. 1820. Caroli a Linne´ ... Systema vegetabilium :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species. Cum characteribus, differentiis et synonymiis. 6. Stuttgardtiae: Sumtibus J.G. Cottae, 1820.
  Roth, Alberto Guilielmo. 1798. II. Novae Plantarum Species. Archiv fur die Botanik. 1: 37-52. Link to external document.
  Roth, Albrecht Wilhelm. 1788-1800. Tentamen florae Germanicae; continens enumerationem plantarum in Germania sponte nascentium. Lipsiae [Leipzig]: In Bibliopolio I.G. Mlleriano, 1788-1800. Link to external document.
  Rusby, Henry H. 1896. An Enumeration of the Plants Collected in Bolivia by Miguel Bang. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. 6(1):1-130. Link to external document.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1900a. Catalogue of the Flora of Montana and Yellowstone National Park. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden. 1. Link to external document. Preface dated February 15, 1900.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1900b. Studies on the Rocky Mountain Flora. — I. Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club. 27(4):169-189. Link to external document.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1901a. Studies on the Rocky Mountain Flora.—IV. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 28(1):20-28. Link to external document.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1905. Studies on the Rocky Mountain flora — XIV. Bulletin of the Torey Botanical Club. 32(3):123-138.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1906. Flora of Colorado. Bulletin 100. Fort Collins, Colorado: Experiment Station, Colorado Agricultural College, 1906. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 30 September 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2486
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1915. North American Flora. 34(2):87. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1915.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1917. Flora of the Rocky Mountains and Adjacent Plains. New York: Published by the Author, 1917. Link to external document. Retrieved 5 February 2016,Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7757
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1922. Flora of the Rocky Mountains and Adjacent Plains. 2nd edition. New York: 1922.
  Rydberg, Per Axel. 1895. New Species of Physalis. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 22: 306-. Link to external document.
  Sanchez, Daiel, Balbina Vazquez-Benitez, Monserrat Vaquez-Sanchez, David Aquino, Salvador Aria. 2022. Phylogenetic relationships in Coryphantha and implications on pelecyphora and Escobaria (Cacteae, Cactoideae, Cactaceae). PhytoKeys. 188: 115-165. Link to external document. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.188.75739
  Sargent, Charles Sprague. 1897. Notes of Cultivated Conifers. -- IV. Garden and Forest: A Journal of Horticulture, Landscape Art, and Forestry. 10(505):420. New York: The Garden and Forest Publishing CO., October 27, 1897. Date retrieved: 17 December 2020, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34643249#page/435/
  Savard, Jean-Pierre L., Philippe Clergeau, and Gwenaelle Mennechez. 2000. Biodiversity concepts and erban ecosystems. Landscape and Urban Planning. 49: 131-142. {TAS-pdf}
  Scheele, Adolf. 1848. Beitrage aur Flor von Texas. Linnaea: Ein Journal fur die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange. 21(6):747. Link to external document.
  Schilling, Edward, Randall W. Scott, and Jose L. Panero. 2015. A revised infrageneric classification for Brickellia (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae). Phytotaxa. 234(2). Link to external document.
  Schneider, Adam C. 2016. Resurrection of the genus Aphyllon for the New World broomrapes (Orobanche s.l., Orobanchaceae). Phytokeys. 75: 107-118. Date retrieved 20 October 2020, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311550883_Resurrection_of_the_genus_Aphyllon_for_New_World_broomrapes_Orobanche_sl_Orobanchaceae/fulltext/5a20ae9e4585158865c50b3b/Resurrection-of-the-genus-Aphyllon-for-New-World-broomrapes-Orobanche-sl-Orobanchaceae.pdf
  Schultes, Josef A. 1822. Mantissa in Volumen Primum Systematis Vegetabilium Caroli A Linne.
  Schulz, Leila M. 2006. Artemisia. Flora of North America. 19, 20, 21: 503. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 18 January 2021.
  Schweinitz, Lewis D. 1824. An Analytical Table to facilitate the determination of the hitherto observed North American Species of the Genus Carex. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. 1: 62-71. Link to external document.
  Scopoli, Giovanni Antonio. 1772. Flora Carniolica : exhibens plantas Carnioliae indigenas et distributas in classes, genera, species, varietates, ordine Linnaeano. [Carniolian flora : exhibiting native Carniol plants and distributed into classes, genera, species, varieties, in the Linnaean order]. 1-2. Vienna: Impensis Ioannis Pauli Krauss. Link to external document. Carniola is the former Austrian crownland, N. Yugoslavia.
  Scott, G. R. 1972. Geologic map of the Morrison quadrangle, Jefferson County, Colorado. Miscellaneous Geologic Investigations Map I-790-A. U. S. Geological Survey: 1972. {TAS-pdf} http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ngm-bin/pdp/download.pl?q=7283_9620_5, accessed 28 August 2014
  SEINet. 2019+. Regional Networks of North American Herbaria. Date retrieved: daily, if not more often, http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/index.php
  Shaw, Robert B. 2008. Grasses of Colorado. Boulder, Colorado: University Press of Colorado, 2008. {TAS}
  Shear, Cornelius L. 1900. A revision of the North American Species of Bromus Occurrung North of Mexico. Studies on American Grasses. Bulletin. 23: 56. Washington, D. C.: Government Printing Office, July 3, 1900. Link to external document.
  Sitgreaves, L. 1853. Report of an expediition down the Zuni and Colorado Rivers. Washington, D.C.: Robert Armstrong, Public Printer, 1853. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124223
  Small, Ernest. 1993+. Humulus. pp. in Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Flora of North America North of Mexico [Online]. 3. Link to external document. Date retireved: September 2021 [multiple dates]
  Small, John Kunkel, and Per Axel Rydberg. 1903. Flora of the southeastern United States. New York: The author, 1903. Link to external document.
  Small, John Kunkel, and Per Axel Rydberg. 1913. Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississ…. New York: The author, 1913. Link to external document.
  Smith, James P. 2012. Elymus smithii. pp. in Jepson Flora Project. Jepson eFlora. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 31 March 2021.
  Sovell, John R., and Susan S. Panjabi. 2021. Biological Survey of Golden Open Space Property, Jefferson County, Colorado. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Colorado State University, 2021. Link to external document.
  Sovell, John, Pam Smith, Denise Culver, Susan Panjabi and Joe Stevens. 2012. Survey of Critical Biological Resources, Jefferson County, Colorado, 2010-2011. Prepared for: Jefferson County Board of County Commissioners. Fort Collins, Colorado: Colorado Natural Heritage Program, Warner College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, 2012. {TAS-pdf}
  Sprengel, Curt Polycarp Joachim. 1826. Systema vegetabilium [Caroli Linnaei ... ]. Editio decima sexta. Gottingae.
  Steadman, Christy. 2019. Golden Giddyup withdraws Kinney Run singletrack sidewalk proposal. Colorado Community Meda. {TAS-pdf} Date retrieved: 12 February 2019, http://coloradocommunitymedia.com/stories/golden-giddyup-withdraws-kinney-run-singletrack-sidewalk-proposal,275553?
  Stettler, R. F., H. D. Bradshaw, Jr., P. E. Heilman, and T. M. Hinckley, editors. 1996. Biology of Populus and its Implications for Management and Conservation. Ottawa: NRC Research Press, 1996. Link to external document.
  Stevens, I. I. 1855. Report of Explorations for a Route for the Pacific Railroad near the Forty-Seventh and Forty-Nonth Parallels of North Latitide from St. Paul to Puget Sound. Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. 1. Link to external document.
  Stevens, P. F. 2001 onwards. Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, July 2017 [and more or less continuously updated since]. Link to external document.
  Sullivant, Wm. S. 1842. An account of three undescribed Plants of Central Ohio. American Journal of Science and Arts. 42(1):49-50. Link to external document.
  Sutherland, Brittany L., and Laura F. Galloway. 2018. Effects of glaciation and whole genome duplication on the distribution of the Campanula rotundifolia polyploid complex. American Journal of Botany. 105((10)):1760-1770. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 16 December 2024.
  Sutton, D. A. 1988. A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
  Sweet, Robert. 1826. Sweet's Hortus Britannicus: or a catalogue of plants cultivated in the gardens of Great Britain, arranged in natural orders …. Link to external document.
  Sweet, Robert. 1830, 2nd ed.. Sweet's Hortus britannicus;. or, A catalogue of plants, indigenous, or cultivated in the gardens of Great Britain; arranged according to their natural orders, with references to the Linnean class and order to which each genus belongs; the whole brought up to the present time …. London: James Ridgway, 1830. Link to external document. Date retrieved: 27 February 2021.
  Swezey, Goodwin D. 1891. Nebraska Flowering Plants. Doane College, Natural History Studies No. 1. Crete, Nebraska. Link to external document. “
  The Plant List. 2013. Version 1.1.
  Tilley, D., and L. St. John. 2012. Plant Guide for lanbstongue ragwort (Senecio integerrimus0. Aberdeen Plant Materials Center. Aberdeen, Idaho 83210: USDA- Natural Resources Conservation Service. Link to external document.
  Torok, P., et al. 2021. Invasion of the North American sand dropseed (Sporobolus cryptandrus) -- A new pest in Eurasian sand areas?. Global Ecology and Conservation. 32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01942
  Torrey, John. 1819. A catalogue of plants, growing spontaneously within thirty miles of the City of New-York. Albany: Published by the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 1819. Link to external document.
  Torrey, John. 1824a. Description of some new or rare plants from the Rocky Mountains, collected in July, 1820, by Dr. E. James. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. 1: 30-36. {TAS-pdf}
  Torrey, John. 1824b. Description of some new grasses, collected by Dr. E. James, during the expedition of Major Long to the Rocky Mountains, in 1819-1820. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. 1: 148-156. {TAS-pdf}
  Torrey, John. 1824. A flora of the northern and middle sections of the United States; or, A systematic arrangement and description of all the plants hitherto discovered in the United States north of Virginia Vol. 1. New York: T. and J. Swords, 1824. Link to external document.
  Torrey, John. 1848. Appendix No. 2. Notes of a military reconnoissance, from Fort Leavenworth, in Missouri, to San Diego, in California, including part of the Arkansas, Del Norte, and Gila rivers [House Report: Ex. doc. no.: 41]. Link to external document. Includes an unsigned letter, most likely from George Engelmann, describing the cacti.
  Torrey, John. 1857. Report of the Botany of the Expedition. Esplorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Padific Ocean. Route near the Thirty-Fifith Parallel, Explored by Lieutenant A. W. Whipple, Topographical Engineers, in 1853 and 1854.. Link to external document.
  Torrey, John G. 1828. Some account of a Collection of Plants made during a journey to and from the Rocky Mountains in the summer of 1820, by Edwin P. James, M. D. Assistant Surgeon U. S. Army. Read December 11, 1826.. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York. 2: 241. Link to external document. {TAS-pdf} Also: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54039. Read December 11, 1826. “In the eaxmination of the specimens, I have been greatly assisted by my learned friend Thomas Nuttall, Esq. who has devoted more attention to the botany of this country than any other individual. This gentleman has not yet published the plants collected by him during his journey into the Arkansa country in 1819, though it is his intention to have his account of them succeed this in a short time.”
  Torrey, John, and Asa Gray. 1838-1843. A flora of North America :containing abridged descriptions of all the known indigenous and naturalized plants growing north of Mexico, arranged according to the natural system. 1-2. Link to external document.
  Torrey, John, and Asa Gray. 1855. Botanical Report upon the Collections made by Captain Gunnison, Topographical Engineers, in 1853 and by Lieutenant E. G. Beckwith, Third Artillery, in 1854. Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. 2. Link to external document.
  Torrey, John, and Asa Gray. 1857a. Botanical Report. Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Route near the Thirty-Fifth Parallel, Explored by Lieutenant A. W. Whipple, Topographical Engineers, in 1853 and 1854.. 2: 1-158. Link to external document. Generally known as the “Pacific Railway Reports.”
  Torrey, John, and Asa Gray. 1857b. Botanical Report. Explorations and Surveys for a Railroad Route from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Route near the Thirty-Fifth Parallel, Explored by Lieutenant A. W. Whipple, Topographical Engineers, in 1853 and 1854.. 2: 159-178. Link to external document. Generally known as the “Pacific Railway Reports.”
  Torrey John. 1859. Part I. Botany of the Boundary. pp. Volume II in Emory, William H.. Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey. Washington: 1859. Link to external document. Some sections written by others, e.g., Euphorbiaceae written by George Engelmann, M.D.
  Turner, Billie L. 1956. A Cytotaxonomic Study of the Genus Hymenopappus (Compositae). Rhodora: Journal of the New England Botanical Club. 58(691-4):163ff,208ff,250ff,295ff. Link to external document.
  University of Colorado, College of Liberal Arts, Junior Class. 1909. The Coloradoan. 11.
  U.S. Board on Geographic Names. n.d.. United States on Geographic Names. Date retrieved: 11 February 2019. https://geonames.usgs.gov/
  USDA, NRCS. 2014. The Plants Database. Greensboro, NC 27401-4901: National Plant Data Team. (http://plants.usda.gov, accessed many dates in 2014)
  USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2021. The PLANTS Database. Greensboro, NC: National Plant Data Team. Link to external document. Dates retrieved: 12 May 2021 and many following.
  United States National Vegetation Classification. 2019. United States National Vegetation Classification Database. V2.03. Washington DC: Federal Geographic Data Committee, Vegetation Subcommittee, 2019.
  Vaillant, Sebastien. 1827 (post.). Botanicon Parisiense, ou Denombrement par ordre alphabetique des plantes. Amsterdam: ean & Herman Verbeek, 1727. Link to external document.
  Van Horn, Richard. 1957. Bedrock geology of the Golden quadrangle, Colorado. Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-103. 1957. {TAS-pdf} Geotiff available at: http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ngm-bin/pdp/download.pl?q=15570_548_5, accessed 26 August 2014.
  Van Horn, Richard. 1972. Surficial and bedrock geologic map of the Golden Quadrangle, Jefferson County, Colorado. USGS IMAP: 761-A. 1972. {TAS-pdf} http://ngmdb.usgs.gov/ngm-bin/pdp/download.pl?q=7281_9511_5, accessed 27 August 2014
  Van Horn, Richard. 1976. Geology of the Golden Quadrangle, Colorado. USGS Professional Paper: 872. 1976. {TAS-pdf} http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0872/report.pdf, accessed 27 August 2014.
  Varnell, Jeanne. 1972. South Table Mountain: Brimming with tales of history. Jefferson Sentinel. {TAS-pdf}
  Vasey, George R. 1888. New or Rare Grasses. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 15(1):48-49. Link to external document. Date retrieved 3 April 2021.
  Ventenat, Etienne P., Jacques M. Cels, and Henri J. Redoute. 1801. Description des plantes nouvelles et peu connues : cultive´es dans le jardin de J.M. Cels : avec figures. Paris: De l'imprimerie de Crapelet, Jun-Jul 1801. Link to external document.
  Wahlert, Gregory A., Thomas Marcussen, Juliana de Paula-Souza, Min Feng, and Harvey E. Ballard, Jr. 2014. A Phylogeny of Violaceae (Malphigiales) Inferred from Plastid DNA Sequences: Implications for Genetic Diversity and Intrafamilial Classification. Systematic Botany. 39(1).
  Walpers, Wilhelm Gerhard. 1842-1847. Repertorium botanices systematicae. Lipsiae: Sumtibus Friderici Hofmeister, 1842-1848. Link to external document.
  Waterfall, Umaldy T. 1950. Some Results of a Third Summer's Botanizing in Oklahoma. Rhodora. 52(619):165-. Link to external document.
  Watson, Sereno. 1871. Volume 5, Botany. pp. in King, Clarence. Report of the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. Professional Papers of the Engineer Department, U. S. Army. 18. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1871. Link to external document.
  Weakley, Alan S., Richard J. LeBlond, Bruce A. Sorrie, C. Theo Witsell, L. Dwayne Estes, Janchi Gandhi, Katherine Gould Mathews, and Atsushi Ebihara. 2011. New combinations, rank changes, and nonemclatural and taxonomic comments in the vascular flora of the southeastern United States. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 5(2):437-455. {TAS-pdf}
  Weber, William A. 1989. New Names and Combinations, Principally in the Rocky Mountain Flora — VII. Phytologia. 67(6):425-429.
  Weber, William A., and Ronald Hartman. 1979. Pseudostellaria jamesiana, comb. nov., a North American representative of a Eurasian genus. Phytologia. 44(4):313-314. Link to external document.
  Weber, William A., and Ronald C. Wittmann. 2012. Colorado Flora: Eastern Slope. 4th Edition. Boulder, Colorado: University Press of Colorado, 2012. {TAS}
  Weigend, M., M. Gottschlinf, F. Selvi, and H. H. Hilger. 2009. Marbleseeds are gromwells--systematics and evolution of Lithospermum and allies (Boraginaceae tribe Lithospermeae) based on molecular and morphological data. Mol Phylogenetic Evolution. 52(3):755-68. {TAS}
  Weimer, Bob. 2001. Mines Geology Trail. CSM Geology Museum Special Publication No. 1. Golden, Colorado: Colorado School of Mines, Geology Museum, 2001. {TAS-pdf} (http://inside.mines.edu/UserFiles/File/Geology/geoTrail1.pdf, accessed 4 Nov 2014.)
  Welsh, Stanley L., N. Duane Atwood, Sherel Goodrich, and Larry C. Higgins. 1993. A Utah Flora. Second Edition, revised. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, 1993. {TAS}
  White, Sally L., and Margaret Chapman. 2014. Floods of Jefferson County, et seq. Historically Jeffco. 35. Link to external document. Date retrieved 15 November 2024.
  White, Sally, and Loraine Yeatts. 1994. Plants of North Table Mountain 1. {TAS-pdf} (http://www.conps.org/pdf/Plant_Lists/NTableMtByFam.pdf, accessed 15 August 2014) This list was used for two Colorado Native Plant Society field trips: 14 May 1994, led by Sally White and Loraine Yeatts, and 23 May 1998, led by Paul Kilburn and Jerry Duncan.
  Wichmann, Brenda L. 2023. Synopsis of the Twentieth Annual Colorado Rare Plant Symposium. Aquilegia. 47(4). Link to external document.
  Willdenow, Carl L. 1797-1830. Species Plantarum. Editio Quarta. Berlin. Link to external document. Dates: Six volumes: 1(1), Jun 1797, 1(2), Jul 1798, 2(1),¹Mar 1799, 2(2), Dec 1799, 3(1), 1800, 3(2), 1-10 Nov¹1802, 3(3), Apr-Dec 1803, 4(1), 1805, 4(2), Apr¹1806, 5(1), 25-27 Jan 1810, 5(2), 1830, 6(1), 1824, and ¹6(2), 1825.
  Willdenow, Carl Ludwig. 1809. Enumeratio Plantarum Horti Regii Botanici Berolinensis. Part I. Berlin: 1809. (Retrieved: 1 October 2016, http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/ing/Libro.php?Libro=1684)
  Willyard, Ann, et al. 2017. Pinus ponderosa: A checkered past obscured four species. American Journal of Botany. 104(1):161-181. {TAS-pdf}
  Wingate, Janet L. 1994. Illustrated Keys to the Grasses of Colorado. Denver, CO: Wingate Consulting, 1994. {TAS}
  Wingate, Janet L. 2017. Sedges of Colorado. Parker, CO: Wingate Consulting, 2017.
  Wingate, Janet L. 2021. Colorado Grasses with Illustrated Keys. Parker, CO: Wingate Consulting, 2021.
  Withering, William. 1796. An arrangement of British plants; according to the latest improvements of the Linnaean system. London: G. G. and J. Robinson, 1796. Link to external document.
  Yeatts, Dick, and Loraine Yeatts. 2009. Plants of Green Mt. [Jefferson Co(s), Colorado]. Observed on CONPS fieldtrip, 05/25/2009. {TAS-pdf} (http://www.conps.org/pdf/Plant_Lists/GreenMt3ByFam.pdf, Accessed 26 August 2014.)
  Yi, Tingshuang, Allison J. Miller, and Jun Wen. 2007. Phylogeny of Rhus (Anacardiaceae) Based on Sequences of Nuclear Nia-i3 intron and Chloroplast TrnC-trnD. Systematic Botany. 32(2):379-391. {TAS-PDF}
  Zeise, Larry Steven. 1976. An ecological survey of North Table Mountain near Golden, Colorado. pp. in Supervised and Edited by John W. Marr, Ecologist, Professor of Biology. A study conducted for the Technical Advisory Committee of the Colorado Chapter of the Nature Conservancy. Boulder, Colorado: Laboratory of Mountain Ecology for Man, Department of Environmental Biology, University of Colorado, November, 1976. {TAS-pdf}
  Zhou, Q., Cai, Q., Zheng, Y., Wu, Z., & Mao, J. 2019. Floral development and the formation of functionally unisexual flowers in Xanthoceras sorbifolium (Sapindaceae), a morphologially andromonoecious tree endemic to northern China. Trees. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-019-01879-6
  Zomlefer, Wendy B., and Walter S. Judd. 2002. Resurrection of Segregates of the Polyphyletic Genus Zigadenus s.l. (Liliales: Melanthiaceae) and Resulting New Combinations. Novon. 12(2):299-308. Date retrieved: 23 October 2020, https://www.jstor.org/stable/3392971
  Zomlefer, Wendy B., Walter S. Judd, W. Mark Whitten, Norris H. Williams. 2006. A Synopsis of Melanthiaceae (Liliales) with Focus on Character Evolution in the Tribe Melanthiaeae. Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany. 22(1):44. Date retrieved: 22 October 2020, http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/44
  [Previous Page]

Go to page: [1] [3] [6] [63] [633] [7] [8]

If you have a question or a comment you may write to me at: tomas@schweich.com I sometimes post interesting questions in my FAQ, but I never disclose your full name or address.  

[Home Page] [Site Map]

Date and time this article was prepared: 3/11/2026 7:47:46 PM